A recent study revealed the presence of non-pesticide organothiophosphate esters (OTPEs) — precursors to organophosphate esters (OPEs) contaminants — in river water. Since OPEs have demonstrated adverse reproductive outcomes in humans, this accentuates the urgency to explore the prevalence of non-pesticide OTPEs in other potential human exposure matrices. In this study, a nontarget screening method based on high-resolution mass spectrometry was used to identify OTPEs in food contact plastic (FCP) samples collected from South China. ,,-triphenyl phosphorothioate (TPhPt) and O,O,O-tris(2,4-di--butylphenyl) phosphorothioate (AO168 = S) were unequivocally identified (Level 1), while O,O-di(di-butylphenyl) -methyl phosphorothioate (BDBPMPt) was tentatively identified (Level 2b, indicating probable structure based on diagnostic evidence). Among = 70 FCP samples, AO168 = S emerged with the highest detection frequency and median concentration of 74 % and 111 ng/g, respectively. Significant Pearson correlations were observed in log-transformed peak areas of AO168 = S and TPhPt in FCPs with their respective oxons, respectively. Occurrences of AO168 = S and TPhPt were further investigated in = 100 foodstuff samples using a market basket method. AO168 = S and TPhPt exhibited detection frequencies of 43 % and 44 % in all food items with mean concentrations of 2.17 ng/g wet weight (ww) (range: <0.53–67.8 ng/g ww) and 0.112 ng/g ww (range: <0.006–2.39 ng/g ww), respectively. The highest mean concentrations for AO168 = S and TPhPt were found in vegetables (4.62 ng/g ww) and oil (3.00 ng/g ww), respectively. The median estimated daily intakes (EDIs) of AO168 = S and TPhPt via diet were calculated as 10.4 and 1.51 ng/kg body weight/day, respectively. For AO168 = S, only meat and vegetables contributed to the median EDI, whereas for TPhPt, oil was identified as the principal contributor to the median EDI. This study for the first time evaluated human exposure to OTPEs via diet, providing new insights to overall human exposure to OPEs.

中文翻译：

---

华南食品接触塑料和食品中有机硫代磷酸酯的发现和存在：膳食摄入量评估

最近的一项研究揭示了河水中存在非农药有机硫代磷酸酯（OTPE）——有机磷酸酯（OPE）污染物的前体。由于 OPE 已在人类中表现出不良生殖后果，因此迫切需要探索其他潜在人类暴露基质中非农药 OTPE 的流行情况。在本研究中，采用基于高分辨率质谱的非目标筛选方法来鉴定从华南地区收集的食品接触塑料（FCP）样品中的OTPE。,,-硫代磷酸三苯酯 (TPhPt) 和 O,O,O-三(2,4-二丁基苯基)硫代磷酸酯 (AO168 = S) 被明确鉴定（1 级），而 O,O-二(二丁基苯基) )-硫代磷酸甲酯 (BDBPMPt) 被初步鉴定（2b 级，表明基于诊断证据的可能结构）。在 = 70 个 FCP 样品中，AO168 = S 的检测频率最高，中位浓度分别为 74 % 和 111 ng/g。在 FCP 中 AO168 = S 和 TPhPt 的对数转换峰面积与其各自的牛突子中分别观察到显着的皮尔逊相关性。使用购物篮法进一步调查了 100 个食品样品中 AO168 = S 和 TPhPt 的出现情况。AO168 = S 和 TPhPt 在所有食品中的检测频率分别为 43% 和 44%，平均浓度为 2.17 ng/g ww（范围：<0.53–67.8 ng/g ww）和 0.112 ng/g ww（范围：分别<0.006–2.39 ng/g ww)。AO168 = S 和 TPhPt 的最高平均浓度分别存在于蔬菜 (4.62 ng/g ww) 和油 (3.00 ng/g ww) 中。通过饮食计算的 AO168 = S 和 TPhPt 的平均每日摄入量 (EDI) 分别为 10.4 和 1.51 ng/kg 体重/天。对于 AO168 = S，只有肉类和蔬菜对 EDI 中位数有贡献，而对于 TPhPt，石油被确定为 EDI 中位数的主要贡献者。这项研究首次评估了人类通过饮食接触 OTPE 的情况，为人类总体接触 OPE 的情况提供了新的见解。