盐度差异对油中水传输影响的直接证据：孔隙尺度机制,Energy & Fuels

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盐度差异对油中水传输影响的直接证据：孔隙尺度机制
Energy & Fuels ( IF 5.2 ) Pub Date : 2023-09-29 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.3c02245
Lifei Yan _{1,

2} , Mohammad Hossein Golestan ₃ , Wenyu Zhou ₃ , S. Majid Hassanizadeh _{1,

4} , Carl Fredrik Berg ₃ , Amir Raoof ₁

Affiliation

低矿化度水驱是提高采收率的常用技术；然而，低盐度效应背后的机制，无论是积极的还是消极的，仍不完全清楚。在所提出的机制中，渗透和乳化被认为是解释油再流动的两个潜在原因，但在孔隙尺度上对再流动的具体贡献尚未得到很好的研究。在本文中，我们进行了一系列微流体实验，以研究入侵的低盐度盐水和残留的高盐度盐水之间的约束油的运动。我们发现油膜上的各种盐度对比会导致通过油和截留盐水膨胀区域的水通量不同，从而导致油相在孔隙空间内重新定位。较高的盐度对比（1.7–170 g/L 盐浓度）可加快水在油相中的渗透速度。在油溶性表面活性剂存在下，低盐度盐水/油的界面处会发生自发乳化，这使两个油相（正庚烷和正十二烷）中的水通量提高了近100倍。我们在低盐度盐水/油界面直接观察到孔隙尺度自发乳化，但在高盐度盐水/油界面却没有观察到。此外，提出了两种解释水通过油相传输的方案：由于化学势梯度引起的水扩散和通过反胶束或微乳液运动的水传输。

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Direct Evidence of Salinity Difference Effect on Water Transport in Oil: Pore–Scale Mechanisms

Low salinity water flooding is a common technique for enhancing oil recovery; however, the mechanism behind the low-salinity effect, positive or negative, is still not fully understood. In the proposed mechanisms, osmosis and emulsification are considered as two potential reasons for explaining the oil remobilization, but the specific contributions on the remobilization are not well studied at pore-scale. In this article, we performed a series of microfluidic experiments to investigate the movement of constrained oil between invading low-salinity brine and residual high-salinity brine. We find that various salinity contrasts over oil films cause different water fluxes through the oil and swelling areas of the trapped brine, resulting in the relocation of oil phases within the pore spaces. A higher salinity contrast (1.7–170 g/L salt concentrations) provides a faster water penetration in oil phases. In the presence of an oil-soluble surfactant, spontaneous emulsification occurs at the interface of low-salinity brine/oil, which enhances almost 100 times the water flux in two oil phases (n-heptane and n-dodecane). We directly observe pore-scale spontaneous emulsification at the low-salinity brine/oil interface but not at the high-salinity brine/oil interface. Furthermore, two scenarios for explaining water transport through the oil phase are proposed: water diffusion due to chemical potential gradient and water transport via reverse micelle or microemulsions movement.

更新日期：2023-09-29

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