Endophytes coevolve with plant hosts and thus are more probable to acquire the character (in favor) of producing undescribed bioactive metabolites. Consequently, the topic has been intensely investigated for over two decades, but endophytic metabolites with neuroprotective effect remain scarce. The study presents the discovery of eight undescribed (named solanapyrones U–Z and prosolanapyrones A and B) and six known pyrones (solanapyrones A–C and E–G) from the culture of Nigrospora oryzae, an endophytic fungus associated with Taxus chinensis var. mairei. The structures and absolute configurations of undescribed pyrones were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, modified Mosher's method, and induced circular dichroism (ICD) spectrum. Solanapyrones A and B and an undescribed pyrone (solanapyrone U) were demonstrated to be more neuroprotective than clenbuterol in inducing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (bMSCs) to secret nerve growth factor (NGF). The work updates the pyrone chemodiversity in nature and extends the biofunction repertoire of solanapyrone-related polyketides.

内生菌与植物宿主共同进化，因此更有可能获得产生未描述的生物活性代谢物的特征（有利于）。因此，这个话题已经被深入研究了二十多年，但具有神经保护作用的内生代谢物仍然很少。该研究展示了从米黑孢菌（一种与红豆杉相关的内生真菌）培养物中发现的八种未描述的吡喃酮（名为 solanapyrones U-Z 和 prosolanapyrones A 和 B）和六种已知的吡喃酮（solanapyrones A-C 和E -G）。玛雷伊。通过广泛的光谱分析、改进的莫舍尔方法和诱导圆二色性（ICD）光谱阐明了未描述的吡喃酮的结构和绝对构型。Solanapyrones A 和 B 以及一种未描述的吡喃酮 (solanapyrone U) 被证明在诱导骨髓间充质干细胞(bMSC) 分泌神经生长因子(NGF) 方面比克伦特罗更具神经保护作用。这项工作更新了自然界中吡喃酮的化学多样性，并扩展了茄吡喃酮相关聚酮化合物的生物功能。