Developed countries are seeing advances in automation and, at the same time, their populations are aging. In this paper we examine both phenomena using the delay in retirement age as a nexus. Although automation is freeing workers from repetitive, hard work, older workers feel threatened by new automation advances which generate skill mismatches. Two links are highlighted: First, since skill mismatches affect low-skilled older workers more than those who are highly skilled, the latter will remain active for a longer period of time while the former will be pushed to retire. Second, the highly skilled workers who decide to prolong their working lives are a valuable resource for further automation advances because this technology continues to need human-assisted solutions. Our analysis establishes an important role for adult training to fill the gap between initial education and the demands of a rapidly changing labor market in order to encourage individuals to postpone their retirement and, hence, to ensure the sustainability of the social insurance system.

发达国家在自动化方面取得了进步，同时人口也在老龄化。在本文中，我们以退休年龄的延迟为纽带来研究这两种现象。尽管自动化将工人从重复、艰苦的工作中解放出来，但年长的工人却感到受到新的自动化进步的威胁，这种进步会导致技能不匹配。强调两个环节：首先，由于技能不匹配对低技能老年工人的影响大于对高技能老年工人的影响，后者将在更长的时间内保持活跃，而前者将被迫退休。其次，决定延长工作寿命的高技能工人是进一步自动化进步的宝贵资源，因为这项技术仍然需要人工辅助解决方案。