抑菌适体在治疗常见病原菌感染中的应用与挑战,Biomacromolecules

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抑菌适体在治疗常见病原菌感染中的应用与挑战
Biomacromolecules ( IF 5.5 ) Pub Date : 2023-09-20 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00634
Diandian Li ₁ , Yuan Su ₁ , Jie Li ₁ , Rong Liu ₁ , Bing Fang ₁ , Jingjing He ₁ , Wentao Xu ₁ , Longjiao Zhu ₁

Affiliation

常见病原菌的不断进化和传播是当前生物技术和现代分子医学诊断和治疗的重大挑战。为了应对这一挑战，科学家迫切需要寻找传统抗菌药物的替代品。通过SELEX筛选获得的各种抑菌适体是最有前途的策略之一。这些抑菌适体可以通过阻断细菌毒素渗透、抑制生物膜形成、防止细菌入侵免疫细胞、干扰重要的生化过程等机制来减少细菌感染。此外，适配体与其他抗菌材料/药物联合使用时，还可能有助于增强其他抗菌材料/药物的功能。本文对抑菌适配体在常见病原菌感染治疗中的应用作一综述。为此，首先对抑菌适体及其筛选策略进行了综述。然后分析了分子剪裁和修饰对抑菌适配体性能的影响，介绍了基于适配体的抗菌机制和抗菌策略。最后，还仔细讨论了关键技术挑战及其在临床治疗中的发展前景。

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Applications and Challenges of Bacteriostatic Aptamers in the Treatment of Common Pathogenic Bacteria Infections

The continuous evolution and spread of common pathogenic bacteria is a major challenge in diagnosis and treatment with current biotechnology and modern molecular medicine. To confront this challenge, scientists urgently need to find alternatives for traditional antimicrobial agents. Various bacteriostatic aptamers obtained through SELEX screening are one of the most promising strategies. These bacteriostatic aptamers can reduce bacterial infection by blocking bacterial toxin infiltration, inhibiting biofilm formation, preventing bacterial invasion of immune cells, interfering with essential biochemical processes, and other mechanisms. In addition, aptamers may also help enhance the function of other antibacterial materials/drugs when used in combination. This paper has reviewed the bacteriostatic aptamers in the treatment of common pathogenic bacteria infections. For this aspect, first, bacteriostatic aptamers and their screening strategies are summarized. Then, the effect of molecular tailoring and modification on the performance of the bacteriostatic aptamer is analyzed, and the antibacterial mechanism and antibacterial strategy based on aptamers are introduced. Finally, the key technical challenges and their development prospects in clinical treatment are also carefully discussed.

更新日期：2023-09-20

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