Hydrogen energy is regarded as an auspicious future substitute to replace fossil fuels, due to its environmentally friendly characteristics and high energy density. In the pursuit of clean hydrogen production, there has been a significant focus on the advancement of effective electrocatalysts for the process of water splitting. Although noble metals like Pt, Ru, Pd and Ir are superb electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), they have limitations for large-scale applications, mainly high cost and low abundance. As a result, non-precious transition metals have emerged as promising candidates to replace their more expensive counterparts in various applications. This review focuses on recently developed transition metal phosphides (TMPs) electrocatalysts for the HER in alkaline media due to the cooperative effect between the phosphorus and transition metals. Finally, we discuss the challenges of TMPs for HER.

中文翻译：

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过渡金属磷化物电催化剂在碱性介质中析氢反应的研究进展

氢能因其环保特性和高能量密度而被视为未来替代化石燃料的理想替代品。在追求清洁氢气生产的过程中，人们非常关注水分解过程中有效电催化剂的进步。尽管Pt、Ru、Pd和Ir等贵金属是析氢反应（HER）的优异电催化剂，但它们在大规模应用方面存在局限性，主要是成本高和丰度低。因此，非贵金属过渡金属已成为在各种应用中取代更昂贵的金属的有希望的候选者。本综述重点关注最近开发的过渡金属磷化物 (TMP) 电催化剂，由于磷和过渡金属之间的协同作用，可在碱性介质中用于 HER。最后，我们讨论了 TMP 对 HER 的挑战。