ABSTRACT

Ionic liquids (ILs) are a promising alternative to the traditional organic solvents, but their toxic effects cause significant adverse environmental effects and their toxicity assessment have been suggested. The effect of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Bmim][BF₄]) on photosynthesis was studied in Arabidopsis thaliana. Apparent effects on chlorosis and inhibition of photosynthetic capacity were observed. As [Bmim][BF₄] concentrations increased, a time-dose effect was also observed. The maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm), and the actual quantum yield of photosystem II (Φ_PSII), both decreased; at the same time, the expression of psbA, a key gene of the photosystem II electron transport, was reduced by [Bmim][BF₄] treatment. The synthesis of the large and small subunits of Rubisco were not affected by treatment. On the other hand, Rubisco activase (RCA) was significantly suppressed at the transcriptional level. Our results suggest that photochemistry of PSII as well as Rubisco activation are involved in ILs resistance.

摘要

离子液体（IL）是传统有机溶剂的一种有前景的替代品，但其毒性作用会对环境造成显着的不利影响，因此有人建议对其进行毒性评估。研究了离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑鎓四氟硼酸盐([Bmim][BF _{4 ])对}拟南芥光合作用的影响。观察到对失绿和光合能力抑制的明显影响。随着[Bmim][BF ₄ ]浓度增加，还观察到时间剂量效应。最大量子产率（Fv/Fm）和光系统II的实际量子产率（Φ _PSII）均下降；同时，psbA的表达，光系统II电子传递的关键基因，通过[Bmim][BF ₄ ]处理而减少。Rubisco 大亚基和小亚基的合成不受处理影响。另一方面，Rubisco 激活酶 ( RCA ) 在转录水平上受到显着抑制。我们的结果表明 PSII 的光化学以及 Rubisco 激活与 IL 抗性有关。