We survey the impact of nuclear three-body forces on structure properties of nuclei within the shell model. It has long been acknowledged, since the seminal works of Zuker and coworkers, that three-body forces play a fundamental role in making the monopole component of shell-model Hamiltonians, derived from realistic nucleon–nucleon potentials, able to reproduce the observed evolution of the shell structure. In the vast majority of calculations, however, their effects have been taken into account by shell-model practitioners by introducing ad hoc modifications of the monopole matrix elements. During last twenty years, a new theoretical approach, framed within the chiral perturbation theory, has progressed in developing nuclear potentials, where two- and many-body components are naturally and consistently built in. This new class of nuclear forces allows to carry out nuclear structure studies that are improving our ability to understand nuclear phenomena in a microscopic approach. We provide in this work an update on the status of the nuclear shell model based on realistic Hamiltonians that are derived from two- and three-nucleon chiral potentials, focusing on the role of the three-body component to provide the observed shell evolution and closure properties, as well as the location of driplines. To this end, we present the results of shell-model calculations and their comparison with recent experimental measurements, which enlighten the relevance of the inclusion of three-nucleon forces to master our knowledge of the physics of atomic nuclei.

我们研究了核三体力对壳模型内核结构特性的影响。自从 Zuker 及其同事的开创性工作以来，人们早已认识到，三体力在使源自现实核子-核子势的壳模型哈密顿量的单极子分量能够重现观察到的演化过程中发挥着基础作用。外壳结构。然而，在绝大多数计算中，壳模型实践者已经通过引入单极子矩阵元素的临时修改来考虑它们的影响。在过去的二十年中，一种以手性微扰理论为框架的新理论方法在开发核势方面取得了进展，其中自然且一致地内置了二体和多体成分。这种新型核力允许进行核势能结构研究正在提高我们从微观角度理解核现象的能力。我们在这项工作中提供了基于来自二核和三核手性势的现实哈密顿量的核壳模型状态的更新，重点关注三体组件在提供观察到的壳演化和闭合方面的作用属性以及滴水管的位置。为此，我们提出了壳模型计算的结果及其与最近的实验测量的比较，这启发了包含三核子力的相关性，以掌握我们对原子核物理学知识的相关性。