Rotating-disk flows were first considered by von Kármán in a seminal paper in 1921, where boundary layers in general were discussed and, in two of the nine sections, results for the laminar and turbulent boundary layers over a rotating disk were presented. It was not until in 1955 that flow visualization discovered the existence of stationary cross-flow vortices on the disk prior to the transition to turbulence. The rotating disk can be seen as a special case of rotating cones, and recent research has shown that broad cones behave similarly to disks, whereas sharp cones are susceptible to a different type of instability. Here, we provide a review of the major developments since von Kármán's work from 100 years ago, regarding instability, transition, and turbulence in the boundary layers, and we include some analysis not previously published.

中文翻译：

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流经旋转盘和锥体


1921 年，von Kármán 在一篇开创性的论文中首次考虑了旋转盘流，其中讨论了一般的边界层，并在九个部分中的两个部分介绍了旋转盘上的层流和湍流边界层的结果。直到 1955 年，流动可视化才发现在过渡到湍流之前，圆盘上存在稳态错流漩涡。旋转圆盘可以看作是旋转圆锥体的一种特例，最近的研究表明，宽圆锥体的行为与圆盘相似，而尖锐的圆锥体容易受到不同类型的不稳定的影响。在这里，我们回顾了自 100 年前 von Kármán 的工作以来关于边界层的不稳定性、过渡和湍流的主要发展，并包括一些以前未发表的分析。