Zn-ZnO核壳纳米粒子对抗菌机制和免疫细胞激活的影响,ACS Applied Nano Materials

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Zn-ZnO核壳纳米粒子对抗菌机制和免疫细胞激活的影响
ACS Applied Nano Materials ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2023-09-11 , DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.3c03241
Luísa Fialho ₁ , Augusto Costa-Barbosa ₂ , Paula Sampaio ₂ , Sandra Carvalho _{1,

3}

Affiliation

研究了通过直流磁控溅射将锌-氧化锌纳米粒子（Zn-ZnO NPs）沉积在富含磷酸钙的多孔Ta ₂ O _{5表面上，以提高表面抗菌活性而不引发炎症反应。}探索了通过两种优化的不同沉积获得的不同尺寸和数量的锌纳米颗粒以及沉积在纳米颗粒上的额外薄碳（C）层。Zn NPs 和 C 层的沉积减轻了表面孔隙率，增加了表面疏水性并降低了表面粗糙度。分别在白色念珠菌和巨噬细胞中研究了 Zn-ZnO NPs 可能的抗菌作用和免疫系统激活作用。结果发现，发达的表面表现出抑制真菌的行为，因为它们在培养 5 至 24 小时之间会损害白色念珠菌的生长。这种行为在纳米粒子较大且锌含量最高的表面上更为明显。在活性氧（ROS）的产生和白色念珠菌膜完整性的丧失中观察到相同的趋势。培养 24 小时后，细胞毒性也取决于 NP 的量。在具有最高量的 Zn NP 和 C 层的表面中观察到细胞毒性，而在具有最低量的 NP 的多孔表面中，细胞能够生长而没有任何细胞毒性的迹象。在 TNF-α 的产生中也注意到了相同的锌剂量依赖性行为。含锌表面的细胞因子分泌量远低于脂多糖（LPS）刺激的细胞，表明修饰的表面不会诱导巨噬细胞的炎症反应。这项研究为了解同时抑制真菌生长且无毒性作用的锌含量阈值以及 Zn-ZnO 纳米颗粒的主要抗菌机制提供了见解，有助于未来的临床应用。

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Effects of Zn–ZnO Core–Shell Nanoparticles on Antimicrobial Mechanisms and Immune Cell Activation

The deposition of zinc–zinc oxide nanoparticles (Zn–ZnO NPs) onto porous Ta₂O₅ surfaces enriched with calcium phosphate by DC magnetron sputtering was investigated to improve the surface antimicrobial activity without triggering an inflammatory response. Different sizes and amounts of Zn NPs obtained by two optimized different depositions and an additional thin carbon (C) layer deposited over the NPs were explored. The deposition of the Zn NPs and the C layer mitigates the surface porosity, increasing the surface hydrophobicity and decreasing the surface roughness. The possible antimicrobial effect and immune system activation of Zn–ZnO NPs were investigated in Candida albicans and macrophage cells, respectively. It was found that the developed surfaces displayed a fungistatic behavior, as they impair the growth of C. albicans between 5 and 24 h of culture. This behavior was more evident on the surfaces with bigger NPs and the highest amounts of Zn. The same trend was observed in both reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and loss of C. albicans’ membrane integrity. After 24 h of culture, cell toxicity was also dependent on the amount of the NPs. Cell toxicity was observed in surfaces with the highest amount of Zn NPs and with the C layer, while cells were able to grow without any signs of cytotoxicity in the porous surfaces with the lowest amount of NPs. The same Zn-dose-dependent behavior was noticed in the TNF-α production. The Zn-containing surfaces show a vastly inferior cytokine secretion than the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated cells, indicating that the modified surfaces do not induce an inflammatory response from macrophage cells. This study provides insights for understanding the Zn amount threshold that allows a simultaneous inhibition of the fungi growth with no toxic effect and the main antimicrobial mechanisms of Zn–ZnO NPs, contributing to future clinical applications.

更新日期：2023-09-11

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