Selective hydrogenation of unsaturated aldehydes/ketones (UAL) to unsaturated alcohols (UOL) is a crucial reaction process in the fine chemical industry. Numerous efforts have been made to hydrogenate the target CO group to UOL due to the CC bond being more sensitive to reduction from both kinetics and thermodynamics. The key issue to designing catalysts with high performance is investigating and determining the structure-performance relationship in the selective hydrogenation of UAL. In this Review, the adsorption and activation mechanism of the reactants, and the influences of catalysts structures (electronic effects, synergistic effects, interfacial effects, and geometric effects) are comprehensively discussed. Additionally, the single-atom site catalysts and related catalysts including single-atom-site catalysts, dual-atom-site catalysts, nano-single-atom-site catalysts, and single-atom alloys, that applicated in UAL selective hydrogenation are systematically reviewed with a focus on the selective-enhancing mechanism. Finally, a brief perspective is provided to demonstrate the challenges as well as opportunities for rational designing advanced catalysts toward selective hydrogenation of UAL to UOL.

不饱和醛/酮（UAL）选择性加氢生成不饱和醇（UOL）是精细化工行业的一个关键反应过程。由于C从动力学和热力学角度来看，C 键对还原更加敏感。设计高性能催化剂的关键问题是研究和确定UAL选择性加氢中的结构-性能关系。本综述全面讨论了反应物的吸附和活化机理，以及催化剂结构（电子效应、协同效应、界面效应和几何效应）的影响。此外，系统综述了应用于UAL选择性加氢的单原子位催化剂及相关催化剂，包括单原子位催化剂、双原子位催化剂、纳米单原子位催化剂和单原子合金。重点是选择性增强机制。最后，