Melanogenesis is the process where skin pigment melanin is produced through tyrosinase activity. Overproduction of melanin causes skin disorders such as freckles, spots, and hyperpigmentation. Myricetin 3-O-galactoside (M3G) is a dietary flavonoid with reported bioactivities. M3G was isolated from Limonium tetragonum and its anti-melanogenic properties were investigated in α-melanocyte stimulating hormone-stimulated B16F10 melanoma cells. The in vitro anti-melanogenic capacity of M3G was confirmed by inhibited tyrosinase and melanin production. M3G-mediated suppression of melanogenic proteins, tyrosinase, microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), and tyrosinase-related proteins (TRP)-1 and TRP-2, were confirmed by mRNA and protein levels, analyzed by RT-qPCR and Western blot, respectively. Furthermore, M3G suppressed Wnt signaling through the inhibition of PKA phosphorylation. M3G also suppressed the consequent phosphorylation of CREB and nuclear levels of MITF. Analysis of MAPK activation further revealed that M3G increased the activation of ERK1/2 while p38 and JNK activation remained unaffected. Results showed that M3G suppressed melanogenesis in B16F10 cells by decreasing tyrosinase production and therefore inhibiting melanin formation. A possible action mechanism was the suppression of CREB activation and upregulation of ERK phosphorylation which might cause the decreased nuclear levels of MITF. In conclusion, M3G was suggested to be a potential nutraceutical with anti-melanogenic properties.

中文翻译：

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膳食类黄酮杨梅素 3-O-半乳糖苷通过调节 PKA 和 ERK1/2 激活抑制 B16F10 黑色素瘤细胞中 α-黑色素细胞刺激激素诱导的黑色素生成

黑色素生成是通过酪氨酸酶活性产生皮肤色素黑色素的过程。黑色素过度产生会导致皮肤疾病，例如雀斑、斑点和色素沉着过度。杨梅素3-氧-半乳糖苷 (M3G) 是一种膳食黄酮类化合物，已报道具有生物活性。M3G 被隔离于补血草并在 α-黑素细胞刺激激素刺激的 B16F10 黑色素瘤细胞中研究了其抗黑色素生成特性。这体外M3G 的抗黑色素生成能力通过抑制酪氨酸酶和黑色素生成得到证实。M3G 介导的黑色素生成蛋白、酪氨酸酶、小眼球相关转录因子 (MITF) 以及酪氨酸酶相关蛋白 (TRP)-1 和 TRP-2 的抑制通过 mRNA 和蛋白水平得到证实，并通过 RT-qPCR 和蛋白质印迹进行分析， 分别。此外，M3G 通过抑制 PKA 磷酸化来抑制 Wnt 信号传导。M3G 还抑制了随之而来的 CREB ​​磷酸化和 MITF 的核水平。MAPK 激活分析进一步表明，M3G 增加了 ERK1/2 的激活，而 p38 和 JNK 激活不受影响。结果表明，M3G 通过减少酪氨酸酶的产生来抑制 B16F10 细胞中的黑色素生成，从而抑制黑色素的形成。可能的作用机制是抑制 CREB ​​激活和上调 ERK 磷酸化，这可能导致 MITF 的核水平降低。总之，M3G 被认为是一种具有抗黑色素生成特性的潜在营养保健品。