Use of plant viruses as bioherbicides: the first virus-based bioherbicide and future opportunities,Pest Management Science

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Use of plant viruses as bioherbicides: the first virus-based bioherbicide and future opportunities
Pest Management Science ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2023-09-08 , DOI: 10.1002/ps.7760
Raghavan Charudattan ₁

Affiliation

Until recently, only a few plant viruses had been studied for use as biological control agents for weeds, but none had been developed into a registered bioherbicide. This position changed in 2014, when the US Environmental Protection Agency granted an unrestricted Section 3 registration for tobacco mild green mosaic virus (TMGMV) strain U2 as a herbicide active ingredient for a commercial bioherbicide (SolviNix LC). It is approved for the control of tropical soda apple (TSA, Solanum viarum), an invasive ‘noxious weed’ in the United States. TSA is a problematic weed in cattle pastures and natural areas in Florida. The TMGMV-U2 product kills TSA consistently, completely, and within a few weeks after its application. It is part of the TSA integrated best management practice in Florida along with approved chemical herbicides and a classical biocontrol agent, Gratiana boliviana (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). TMGMV is nonpathogenic and nontoxic to humans, animals, and other fauna, environmentally safe, and as effective as chemical herbicides. Unlike the insect biocontrol agent, TMGMV kills and eliminates the weed from fields and helps recycle the dead biomass in the soil. Here the discovery, proof of concept, mode of action, risk analyses, application methods and tools, field testing, and development of the virus as the commercial product are reviewed. Also reviewed here are the data and scientific justifications advanced to answer the concerns raised about the use of the virus as a herbicide. The prospects for discovery and development of other plant-virus-based bioherbicides are discussed. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

中文翻译：

使用植物病毒作为生物除草剂：第一种基于病毒的生物除草剂和未来机遇

直到最近，只有少数植物病毒被研究用作杂草生物防治剂，但还没有被开发成注册的生物除草剂。这一立场在 2014 年发生了变化，当时美国环境保护局授予烟草温和绿花叶病毒 (TMGMV) U2 株不受限制的第 3 条注册，作为商业生物除草剂 (SolviNix LC) 的除草剂活性成分。它被批准用于控制热带苏打苹果（TSA， Solanum viarum ），这是美国的一种入侵“有毒杂草”。 TSA 是佛罗里达州牛牧场和自然地区的一种有问题的杂草。 TMGMV-U2 产品在使用后几周内一致、彻底地杀死 TSA。它是佛罗里达州 TSA 综合最佳管理实践的一部分，与批准的化学除草剂和经典生物防治剂Gratiana boliviana （鞘翅目：叶甲科）一起。 TMGMV 对人类、动物和其他动物群无致病性和无毒，对环境安全，并且与化学除草剂一样有效。与昆虫生物防治剂不同，TMGMV 可以杀死并消除田间杂草，并有助于回收土壤中死亡的生物量。本文回顾了该病毒作为商业产品的发现、概念验证、作用方式、风险分析、应用方法和工具、现场测试和开发。这里还回顾了为解答人们对该病毒用作除草剂的担忧而提出的数据和科学依据。讨论了其他基于植物病毒的生物除草剂的发现和开发前景。 © 2023 化学工业协会。

更新日期：2023-09-08

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