The importance of drugs is well known, and researches on aspects of drugs have aroused widespread concern. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have the high affinity as well as specific recognition ability to target molecules, and exhibit merits of straightforward synthesis, low cost, and remarkable stability. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) display the properties of high porosity, large surface area, simple preparation and modification as the substrate of MIPs. Integrating the advantages of the two materials, MOF@MIP shows high specific surface areas, the excellent selectivity as well as sensitivity, satisfactory mass transfer rate and robust stability, which have attracted great attention in constructing drug carriers and detecting drugs. In this paper, construction methods, design rationales, applications and research progress of MOF@MIP in the drug related field (e.g., drug carriers, drug separation/enrichment, and drug sensing) are reviewed. Finally, the challenges and prospects are analyzed and discussed.