While the occurrence of polymer additives in the environment has gained much attention in recent years, particularly through the emission of tire wear particles (TWPs), evidence of the occurrence of such chemicals in drinking water systems is limited. Even less information is available regarding potential chlorination/chloramination transformation byproducts. In this study, we report the occurrence of N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-1,4-benzenediamine (6PPD), 1,3-diphenylguanidine (DPG), and three chlorinated byproducts (1,3-bis(2-chlorophenyl)guanidine (CC15), 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)guanidine (CC05), and 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-phenylguanidine) (CC11)) in drinking water samples (n = 20). DPG showed detection frequency of 100%; median 4.3 ng/L (min = 0.25 ng/L; max = 32.6 ng/L), and a chlorinated by product of DPG (CC15) was also detected in 100% of samples; median 1.7 ng/L (min = 0.29 ng/L; max = 11.2 ng/L). CC11 was also found in 10% of samples and was previously reported as potentially genotoxic. While most studies have focused on the tire rubber related origin of DPG and 6PPD in the environment, results show a potential major contribution of other polymer materials used in household devices such as tap water aerators, particularly O-rings and seals. Leaching potential of such materials was demonstrated, and contact with free chlorine and monochloramine induced the formation of different halogenated transformation byproducts.

中文翻译：

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饮用水中聚合物添加剂 1,3-二苯胍 (DPG)、N-(1,3-二甲基丁基)-N'-苯基-1,4-苯二胺 (6PPD) 和氯化副产物的出现：来自管道聚合物材料的贡献

尽管近年来环境中聚合物添加剂的存在引起了广泛关注，特别是通过轮胎磨损颗粒 (TWP) 的排放，但饮用水系统中存在此类化学物质的证据有限。关于潜在的氯化/氯胺化转化副产物的信息甚至更少。在这项研究中，我们报告了N -(1,3-二甲基丁基)-N'-苯基-1,4-苯二胺 (6PPD)、1,3-二苯胍 (DPG) 和三种氯化副产物 (1,3 -双(2-氯苯基)胍(CC15)、1-(4-氯苯基)-3-(2,4-二氯苯基)胍(CC05)和1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-3-苯基胍)( CC11)) 存在于饮用水样品中 ( n = 20)。DPG检测率达100%；中位数为 4.3 ng/L（最小值 = 0.25 ng/L；最大值 = 32.6 ng/L），并且 100% 的样品中还检测到 DPG 的氯化副产物 (CC15)；中位数 1.7 ng/L（最小值 = 0.29 ng/L；最大值 = 11.2 ng/L）。10% 的样本中还发现了 CC11，此前曾报道其具有潜在的基因毒性。虽然大多数研究都集中在环境中与轮胎橡胶相关的 DPG 和 6PPD 来源，但结果表明，家用设备（例如自来水曝气器）中使用的其他聚合物材料（特别是 O 形圈和密封件）可能发挥重大作用。证明了此类材料的浸出潜力，并且与游离氯和一氯胺接触诱导了不同卤化转化副产物的形成。