Zintl 阶段：从好奇心到有影响力的材料,Chemistry of Materials

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Zintl 阶段：从好奇心到有影响力的材料
Chemistry of Materials ( IF 7.2 ) Pub Date : 2023-09-04 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c01874
Susan M Kauzlarich ₁

Affiliation

新化合物和晶体结构的合成仍然是追求技术相关材料的重要研究工作。Zintl 概念是新型功能性固态化合物设计的指南。Zintl 相的命名是为了纪念德国化学家 Eduard Zintl，他在 20 世纪 30 年代首次研究了由带正电性的金属与 13-15 族主族准金属结合制备的金属间化合物亚族。与以金属键合为常态的金属间化合物不同，Zintl 相表现出离子键合和共价键合的组合，并且通常是半导体。Zintl 相为同价和异价取代提供了一个调色板，每种取代都可以对特性做出独特的贡献。Zintl 电子计数规则可用于询问结构类型并开发结构-性质关系的基础。采用替代化学可以合理设计具有技术特性的新 Zintl 化合物，例如磁电子学、热电和其他能量存储和转换能力。通过这种方法发现新的结构类型和成分也是可能的。将提供 Zintl 概念的优势和创新的背景，以及在结构和电子设计背景下具有前景热电性能的 Zintl 相的一些亮点。

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Zintl Phases: From Curiosities to Impactful Materials

The synthesis of new compounds and crystal structures remains an important research endeavor in pursuing technologically relevant materials. The Zintl concept is a guidepost for the design of new functional solid-state compounds. Zintl phases are named in recognition of Eduard Zintl, a German chemist who first studied a subgroup of intermetallics prepared with electropositive metals combined with main-group metalloids from groups 13–15 in the 1930s. Unlike intermetallic compounds, where metallic bonding is the norm, Zintl phases exhibit a combination of ionic and covalent bonding and are typically semiconductors. Zintl phases provide a palette for iso- and aliovalent substitutions that can each contribute uniquely to the properties. Zintl electron-counting rules can be employed to interrogate a structure type and develop a foundation of structure–property relationships. Employing substitutional chemistry allows for the rational design of new Zintl compounds with technological properties, such as magnetoelectronics, thermoelectricity, and other energy storage and conversion capabilities. Discovering new structure types and compositions through this approach is also possible. The background on the strength and innovation of the Zintl concept and a few highlights of Zintl phases with promising thermoelectric properties in the context of structural and electronic design will be provided.

更新日期：2023-09-04

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