A Universal Strategy of Perovskite Ink - Substrate Interaction to Overcome the Poor Wettability of a Self-Assembled Monolayer for Reproducible Perovskite Solar Cells,Advanced Functional Materials

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A Universal Strategy of Perovskite Ink - Substrate Interaction to Overcome the Poor Wettability of a Self-Assembled Monolayer for Reproducible Perovskite Solar Cells
Advanced Functional Materials ( IF 18.5 ) Pub Date : 2023-09-04 , DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202305812
Ashish Kulkarni ₁ , Ranjini Sarkar _{2,

3} , Samah Akel ₄ , Maria Häser ₅ , Benjamin Klingebiel ₄ , Matthias Wuttig _{5,

6} , Simone Wiegand _{7,

8} , Sudip Chakraborty ₂ , Michael Saliba _{1,

9} , Thomas Kirchartz _{4,

10}

Affiliation

Helmholtz Young Investigator Group FRONTRUNNER, IEK5‐Photovoltaik Forschungszentrum Jülich Wilhelm‐Johnen‐Straße 52428 Jülich Germany
Materials Theory for Energy Scavenging (MATES) Lab Department of Physics Harish‐Chandra Research Institute (HRI) A C.I. of Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI) Chhatnag Road, Jhunsi Prayagraj 211019 India
Ceramic Technologies Group – Center of Excellence in Materials and Manufacturing for Futuristic Mobility Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras Chennai 600036 India
IEK‐5 Photovoltaik Forschungszentrum Jülich Wilhelm‐Johnen‐Straße 52428 Jülich Germany
I. Physikalisches Institut RWTH Aachen University 52074 Aachen Germany
Peter Grünberg Institute – JARA‐Institute Energy‐Efficient Information Technology (PGI‐10) Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH 52425 Jülich Germany
Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI‐4:Biomacromolecular Systems and Processes) Forschungszentrum Jülich Wilhelm‐Johnen‐Straße 52428 Jülich Germany
Chemistry Department – Physical Chemistry University Cologne D‐50939 Cologne Germany
Institute for Photovoltaics (ipv) University of Stuttgart 70569 Stuttgart Germany
Faculty of Engineering and CENIDE University of Duisburg‐Essen Carl‐Benz‐Str. 199 47057 Duisburg Germany

Perovskite solar cells employing [4-(3,6-dimethyl-9H-carbazol-9-yl)butyl]phosphonic acid (Me-4PACz) self-assembled monolayer as the hole transport layer have been reported to demonstrate a high device efficiency. However, the poor perovskite wetting on Me-4PACz caused by poor perovskite ink interaction with the underlying Me-4PACz presents significant challenges for fabricating efficient perovskite devices. A triple co-solvent system comprising dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is employed to improve the perovskite ink - Me-4PACz coated substrate interaction and obtain a uniform perovskite layer. In comparison to DMF- and DMSO-based inks, the inclusion of NMP shows considerably higher binding energies of the perovskite ink with Me-4PACz as revealed by density-functional theory calculations. With the optimized triple co-solvent ratio, the perovskite devices deliver high power conversion efficiencies of >20%, 19.5%, and ≈18.5% for active areas of 0.16, 0.72, and 1.08 cm², respectively. Importantly, this perovskite ink–substrate interaction approach is universal and helps in obtaining a uniform layer and high photovoltaic device performance for other perovskite compositions such as MAPbI₃, FA₁₋_xMA_xPbI_3–_yBr_y, and MA-free FA₁₋_xCs_xPbI_3–_yBr_y.

中文翻译：

钙钛矿墨水-基底相互作用的通用策略，用于克服可重复钙钛矿太阳能电池自组装单层的润湿性差

据报道，采用[4-(3,6-二甲基-9H-咔唑-9-基)丁基]膦酸(Me-4PACz)自组装单层作为空穴传输层的钙钛矿太阳能电池表现出高器件效率。然而，由于钙钛矿油墨与底层 Me-4PACz 相互作用不良导致 Me-4PACz 上的钙钛矿润湿性较差，这对制造高效钙钛矿器件提出了重大挑战。采用包含二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）、二甲基亚砜（DMSO）和N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮（NMP）的三重共溶剂体系来改善钙钛矿油墨与Me-4PACz涂覆的基底之间的相互作用，并获得均匀的钙钛矿层。密度泛函理论计算表明，与基于 DMF 和 DMSO 的墨水相比，包含 NMP 的钙钛矿墨水与 Me-4PACz 的结合能显着更高。通过优化的三重共溶剂比例，钙钛矿器件在0.16、0.72和1.08 cm 2 的活性面积上分别提供>20%、19.5%和约18.5%的高功率转换^效率。重要的是，这种钙钛矿墨水-基底相互作用方法是通用的，有助于获得均匀的层和高光伏器件性能的其他钙钛矿组合物，如MAPbI ₃、FA ₁₋_x MA _x PbI _3–_y Br _y和无MA FA ₁₋_x Cs _x PbI _3–_y Br _y。

更新日期：2023-09-04

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