This paper argues that the border regime works through entanglements of digital and nondigital data and of “low-tech” and “high-tech” technologies. It suggests that a critical analysis of the assemblages between digital and nondigital requires exploring their effects of subjectivation on those who are labeled as “migrants.” The paper starts with a critique of the presentism and techno-hype that pervade research on borders and technology, and points to the importance of analyzing historical continuities and ruptures in the technologization of the border regime. It then explores the assemblages of high-tech and low-tech technologies used for controlling mobility and investigates the imbrication of digital and nondigital records that migrants need to deal with and show not only at the border but throughout their journeys and, eventually, to obtain refugee status. The third section discusses migrants’ tactical uses of digital and nondigital records, their attempts to erase or reconstruct traces of their passages, and states’ oscillation between politics of identification and nonidentification. Finally, the fourth section questions the image of the “data double” and contends that, rather than a discrete digital subject, migrants’ digital traces generate scattered digital subjectivities that migrants themselves cannot fully access.

中文翻译：

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数字-非数字组合：数据、书面记录和移民在边境的分散主体性

本文认为，边境制度是通过数字和非数字数据以及“低科技”和“高科技”技术的纠缠来运作的。它表明，对数字和非数字之间的组合进行批判性分析需要探索它们的主观化对那些被贴上“移民”标签的人的影响。本文首先批评了边界和技术研究中普遍存在的当下主义和技术炒作，并指出了分析边界制度技术化的历史连续性和断裂性的重要性。然后，它探讨了用于控制流动性的高科技和低技术技术的组合，并调查了移民不仅在边境而且在整个旅程中需要处理和展示的数字和非数字记录的交错，最终，以获得难民身份。第三部分讨论了移民对数字和非数字记录的策略性使用、他们试图擦除或重建其通行痕迹的尝试，以及国家在认同政治和非认同政治之间的摇摆。最后，第四部分质疑“数据替身”的形象，并认为移民的数字痕迹不是一个离散的数字主体，而是产生了移民本身无法完全访问的分散的数字主体性。