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Rational Design of Virus-like Particles for Nanomedicine
Accounts of Materials Research ( IF 14.0 ) Pub Date : 2023-08-25 , DOI: 10.1021/accountsmr.3c00050 Wenjun Shan 1 , Chufan Wang 2 , Haoxiang Chen 2 , Lei Ren 2, 3
Accounts of Materials Research ( IF 14.0 ) Pub Date : 2023-08-25 , DOI: 10.1021/accountsmr.3c00050 Wenjun Shan 1 , Chufan Wang 2 , Haoxiang Chen 2 , Lei Ren 2, 3
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With a plethora of advances in nanotechnology and biotechnology, the development of natural particle-based drug delivery vectors is a rapidly emerging field; these vectors are highly optimized for specific functions in vivo, have features typically required of drug delivery vectors, and even possess more efficient drug delivery mechanisms compared to synthetic vectors, such as selective targeting and extended circulation time. Virus-like particles (VLPs) are virus-derived nanoparticles composed of one or more different protein subunits in a highly precise manner with the ability to self-assemble, mimicking the structure and size of viral particles, but unable to infect host cells due to the lack of authentic viral genetic material. The production of viral structural proteins can be performed in a variety of expression systems, and the expressed proteins can spontaneously assemble into internal hollow nanoparticles. As an attractive technology platform for therapeutic agents and antigen epitope delivery, VLPs have made significant contributions to the development of nanomedicine. Due to the fact that viruses are powerful natural vectors for the delivery of genetic material to host cells, VLPs are able to replicate these viral delivery processes and particularly suitable for drug delivery applications. Effective drug delivery depends on several key factors, including specific targeting, effective cellular uptake, in vivo release kinetics, and systemic clearance, to which VLPs are well suited to meet. Moreover, VLPs have many desirable drug delivery characteristics, such as ideal particle size for cellular phagocytosis, nontoxic biodegradability, and the ability to be functionalized at three different interfaces (external, internal, and intersubunit of the protein particle) through genetic engineering, chemical modification, biomineralization, and introduction of non-natural amino acids.
中文翻译：
纳米医学类病毒颗粒的合理设计
随着纳米技术和生物技术的大量进步，基于天然颗粒的药物递送载体的开发是一个快速新兴的领域；这些载体针对体内特定功能进行了高度优化，具有药物递送载体通常所需的特征，甚至与合成载体相比具有更有效的药物递送机制，例如选择性靶向和延长的循环时间。病毒样颗粒（VLP）是由一种或多种不同蛋白质亚基以高精度方式组成的病毒衍生纳米颗粒，具有自组装能力，模仿病毒颗粒的结构和大小，但由于自身原因而无法感染宿主细胞。缺乏真实的病毒遗传物质。病毒结构蛋白的生产可以在多种表达系统中进行，表达的蛋白可以自发组装成内部中空纳米颗粒。作为治疗剂和抗原表位递送的有吸引力的技术平台，VLP为纳米医学的发展做出了重大贡献。由于病毒是将遗传物质递送至宿主细胞的强大天然载体，VLP 能够复制这些病毒递送过程，特别适合药物递送应用。有效的药物递送取决于几个关键因素，包括特异性靶向、有效的细胞摄取、体内释放动力学和全身清除，VLP 非常适合满足这些因素。此外，VLP 具有许多理想的药物递送特性，例如细胞吞噬作用的理想粒径、无毒的生物降解性以及通过基因工程、化学修饰在三个不同界面（蛋白质颗粒的外部、内部和亚基间）功能化的能力、生物矿化和非天然氨基酸的引入。
更新日期：2023-08-25
中文翻译：
纳米医学类病毒颗粒的合理设计
随着纳米技术和生物技术的大量进步，基于天然颗粒的药物递送载体的开发是一个快速新兴的领域；这些载体针对体内特定功能进行了高度优化，具有药物递送载体通常所需的特征，甚至与合成载体相比具有更有效的药物递送机制，例如选择性靶向和延长的循环时间。病毒样颗粒（VLP）是由一种或多种不同蛋白质亚基以高精度方式组成的病毒衍生纳米颗粒，具有自组装能力，模仿病毒颗粒的结构和大小，但由于自身原因而无法感染宿主细胞。缺乏真实的病毒遗传物质。病毒结构蛋白的生产可以在多种表达系统中进行，表达的蛋白可以自发组装成内部中空纳米颗粒。作为治疗剂和抗原表位递送的有吸引力的技术平台，VLP为纳米医学的发展做出了重大贡献。由于病毒是将遗传物质递送至宿主细胞的强大天然载体，VLP 能够复制这些病毒递送过程，特别适合药物递送应用。有效的药物递送取决于几个关键因素，包括特异性靶向、有效的细胞摄取、体内释放动力学和全身清除，VLP 非常适合满足这些因素。此外，VLP 具有许多理想的药物递送特性，例如细胞吞噬作用的理想粒径、无毒的生物降解性以及通过基因工程、化学修饰在三个不同界面（蛋白质颗粒的外部、内部和亚基间）功能化的能力、生物矿化和非天然氨基酸的引入。
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