Resolving the Hydrophobicity of the Me-4PACz Hole Transport Layer for Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency >20%,ACS Energy Letters

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Resolving the Hydrophobicity of the Me-4PACz Hole Transport Layer for Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency >20%
ACS Energy Letters ( IF 19.3 ) Pub Date : 2023-08-25 , DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.3c01385
Kashimul Hossain ₁ , Ashish Kulkarni ₂ , Urvashi Bothra ₁ , Benjamin Klingebiel ₃ , Thomas Kirchartz _{3,

4} , Michael Saliba _{2,

5} , Dinesh Kabra ₁

Affiliation

A [4-(3,6-dimethyl-9H-carbazol-9-yl)butyl]phosphonic acid (Me-4PACz) self-assembled monolayer (SAM) has been employed in perovskite devices demonstrating high efficiencies. However, a uniform perovskite layer does not form due to the hydrophobicity of Me-4PACz. Here, we tackle this challenge by adding a conjugated polyelectrolyte, poly(9,9-bis(3′-(N,N-dimethyl)-N-ethylammonium-propyl-2,7-fluorene)-alt-2,7-(9,9-dioctylfluorene)) dibromide (PFN-Br), to the Me-4PACz in a specific ratio, defined as Pz:PFN. With this mixing engineering strategy using Pz:PFN, the PFN-Br interaction with the A-site cation is confirmed via solution-state nuclear magnetic resonance studies. The narrow full widths at half-maxima of diffraction peaks and photoluminescence spectra of perovskite films reveal improved crystallization at the optimal mixing ratio of Pz:PFN. Interestingly, the mixing of PFN-Br additionally tunes the work function of the Me-4PACz and the built-in voltage in the solar cells. Devices employing the optimized Pz:PFN mixing ratio deliver an open-circuit voltage of 1.16 V and efficiency >20% for perovskites with a bandgap of 1.6 eV with high reproducibility and concomitant stability.

中文翻译：

解决倒置钙钛矿太阳能电池 Me-4PACz 空穴传输层的疏水性问题，效率 >20%

[4-(3,6-二甲基-9H-咔唑-9-基)丁基]膦酸(Me-4PACz)自组装单层(SAM)已被应用于钙钛矿器件中，表现出高效率。然而，由于 Me-4PACz 的疏水性，无法形成均匀的钙钛矿层。在这里，我们通过添加共轭聚电解质聚(9,9-双(3′-( N,N-二甲基) -N-乙基铵-丙基-2,7-芴)-alt来应对这一挑战-2,7-(9,9-二辛基芴))二溴化物(PFN-Br)以特定比例与Me-4PACz混合，定义为Pz:PFN。通过这种使用 Pz:PFN 的混合工程策略，通过溶液态核磁共振研究证实了 PFN-Br 与 A 位阳离子的相互作用。钙钛矿薄膜的衍射峰和光致发光光谱的半峰全宽较窄，表明在 Pz:PFN 的最佳混合比下结晶得到了改善。有趣的是，PFN-Br 的混合还可以调节 Me-4PACz 的功函数和太阳能电池的内置电压。采用优化的 Pz:PFN 混合比的器件可为带隙为 1.6 eV 的钙钛矿提供 1.16 V 的开路电压和 >20% 的效率，并具有高再现性和稳定性。

更新日期：2023-08-25

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