Knowledge of Antarctica's sedimentary basins builds our understanding of the coupled evolution of tectonics, ice, ocean, and climate. Sedimentary basins have properties distinct from basement-dominated regions that impact ice-sheet dynamics, potentially influencing future ice-sheet change. Despite their importance, our knowledge of Antarctic sedimentary basins is restricted. Remoteness, the harsh environment, the overlying ice sheet, ice shelves, and sea ice all make fieldwork challenging. Nonetheless, in the past decade the geophysics community has made great progress in internationally coordinated data collection and compilation with parallel advances in data processing and analysis supporting a new insight into Antarctica's subglacial environment. Here, we summarize recent progress in understanding Antarctica's sedimentary basins. We review advances in the technical capability of radar, potential fields, seismic, and electromagnetic techniques to detect and characterize basins beneath ice and advances in integrated multi-data interpretation including machine-learning approaches. These new capabilities permit a continent-wide mapping of Antarctica's sedimentary basins and their characteristics, aiding definition of the tectonic development of the continent. Crucially, Antarctica's sedimentary basins interact with the overlying ice sheet through dynamic feedbacks that have the potential to contribute to rapid ice-sheet change. Looking ahead, future research directions include techniques to increase data coverage within logistical constraints, and resolving major knowledge gaps, including insufficient sampling of the ice-sheet bed and poor definition of subglacial basin structure and stratigraphy. Translating the knowledge of sedimentary basin processes into ice-sheet modeling studies is critical to underpin better capacity to predict future change.

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南极沉积盆地及其对冰盖动力学的影响

对南极洲沉积盆地的了解有助于我们了解构造、冰、海洋和气候的耦合演化。沉积盆地具有与影响冰盖动态的基底主导区域不同的特性，可能影响未来冰盖的变化。尽管南极沉积盆地很重要，但我们对它们的了解却很有限。地处偏远、环境恶劣、冰盖、冰架和海冰都给野外工作带来了挑战。尽管如此，在过去的十年中，地球物理学界在国际协调的数据收集和汇编方面取得了巨大进展，同时数据处理和分析方面也取得了进展，支持对南极洲冰下环境的新认识。在这里，我们总结了了解南极洲沉积盆地的最新进展。我们回顾了雷达、势场、地震和电磁技术在探测和表征冰下盆地的技术能力方面的进展，以及包括机器学习方法在内的综合多数据解释方面的进展。这些新功能可以绘制南极洲沉积盆地及其特征的全大陆图，有助于确定该大陆的构造发展。至关重要的是，南极洲的沉积盆地通过动态反馈与上覆冰盖相互作用，这有可能导致冰盖的快速变化。展望未来，未来的研究方向包括在后勤限制内增加数据覆盖范围的技术，以及解决主要知识差距，包括冰盖床采样不足以及冰下盆地结构和地层学定义不明确。将沉积盆地过程的知识转化为冰盖模型研究对于增强预测未来变化的能力至关重要。