Hydrogen storage vessels in hydrogen refueling stations are densely arranged, so high-speed fragments generated by explosion accidents may endanger adjacent vessels. It is of great significance to explore the dynamic responses and damage modes of hydrogen storage vessels under impact loads to promote the intrinsic safety development of hydrogen storage vessels. In this paper, a finite element analysis model is developed for simulating the dynamic responses of vessels under the impact of fragments. The influences of the number of winding layers, impact velocity, fragment mass, and fragment shape are investigated. The results show that fragment impact is a kind of local damage behavior with two typical stages of hitting and rebounding. The impact resistance of vessels increases with the number of winding layers. Impact velocity and fragment mass are positively related to deformation and damage. Conical fragments have stronger damage abilities, while spherical fragments cause greater deformation.

加氢站储氢船舶排列密集，爆炸事故产生的高速碎片可能危及邻近船舶。探索储氢容器在冲击载荷作用下的动力响应和损伤模式对于促进储氢容器本质安全发展具有重要意义。本文开发了一个有限元分析模型来模拟破片冲击下船舶的动态响应。研究了缠绕层数、冲击速度、破片质量和破片形状的影响。研究结果表明，破片冲击是一种局部损伤行为，具有撞击和反弹两个典型阶段。容器的抗冲击能力随着缠绕层数的增加而增加。冲击速度和破片质量与变形和损坏呈正相关。圆锥形碎片的伤害能力更强，球形碎片造成的变形更大。