Despite significant progress, precise control of the dispersion of ruthenium (Ru) nanoparticles (NPs) on the carrier, reduction of their aggregation and leaching during water splitting is always a challenging issue. In this work, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) derived Co₇Fe₃ alloy/Co NPs embedded in nitrogen-doped carbon and nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (FeCoSG/NCNT) with a three-dimensional (3D) spider-egg structure are synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique. Then, Ru NPs are uniformly loaded on the FeCoSG/NCNT through impregnation and reduction. The obtained FeCoSG/NCNT@Ru possesses enriched mesopore and high conductivity. In addition, the Ru NPs synergize with non-precious metal active sites to promote hydrogen-evolution-reaction (HER), which lowers the need for precious metals while maintaining excellent performance. The obtained FeCoSG/NCNT@Ru only requires a low overpotential of 21.1 mV to attain a current density of 10 mA cm⁻² in 1 M KOH towards HER, which is smaller than the benchmark catalyst Pt/C (∼30.1 mV). Moreover, it shows ultra-high stability, which can work continuously at current densities of 10, 20, and 30 mA cm⁻² for 25 h without degradation, respectively. The study presents insight on the design of advanced support and the construction of highly active and durable electrocatalysts.

尽管取得了重大进展，但精确控制钌（Ru）纳米粒子（NP）在载体上的分散、减少水分解过程中的聚集和浸出始终是一个具有挑战性的问题。在这项工作中，金属有机框架（MOF）衍生的Co ₇ Fe ₃通过化学气相沉积（CVD）技术合成了嵌入氮掺杂碳和氮掺杂碳纳米管（FeCoSG/NCNT）中的具有三维（3D）蜘蛛蛋结构的合金/Co纳米粒子。然后，通过浸渍和还原将Ru NPs均匀负载在FeCoSG/NCNT上。所得FeCoSG/NCNT@Ru具有丰富的介孔和高电导率。此外，Ru NPs 与非贵金属活性位点协同促进析氢反应 (HER)，从而降低对贵金属的需求，同时保持优异的性能。^{获得的FeCoSG/NCNT@Ru仅需要21.1 mV的低过电势即可获得10 mA cm -2}的电流密度在 1 M KOH 中朝向 HER，其小于基准催化剂 Pt/C (∼30.1 mV)。此外，它还表现出超高的稳定性，可以分别在10、20和30 mA cm ^-2的电流密度下连续工作25小时而不会退化。该研究提出了对先进支撑设计和高活性、耐用电催化剂构建的见解。