Commercial carbonate-based electrolytes feature highly reactive activities with alkali metals, yielding low Coulombic efficiencies and poor cycle life in lithium metal batteries, which possess much higher chemical activity in the rising star sodium metal batteries. To be motivated, we have proposed that decreasing the solvent solvation ability in carbonate-based electrolytes stepwise could enable long-term stable cycling of high-voltage sodium metal batteries. As the solvation capacity reduces, more anions are enticed into the solvation sheath of Na⁺, resulting in the formation of the more desirable interphase layers on the surface of the anode and the cathode. The inorganic-dominated interphases allow highly efficient Na⁺ deposition/stripping processes with a lower rate of dead sodium generation, as well as maintain a stable structure of the high-voltage cathode material. Specifically, the assembled Na||Na₃V₂(PO₄)₂F₃ battery exhibits an accelerated ion diffusion kinetics and achieves a higher capacity retention of 85.9% with during the consecutive 200 cycles under the high voltage of 4.5 V. It is anticipated that the tactics we have proposed could be applicable in other secondary metal battery systems as well.

商业碳酸盐基电解质具有与碱金属高度反应活性，导致锂金属电池的库仑效率低和循环寿命差，而锂金属电池在后起之秀的钠金属电池中具有更高的化学活性。为此，我们提出逐步降低碳酸酯基电解质中的溶剂溶解能力可以实现高压钠金属电池的长期稳定循环。^{随着溶剂化能力的降低，更多的阴离子被吸引到Na +}的溶剂化鞘中，导致在阳极和阴极表面形成更理想的界面层。以无机为主的界面允许高效的 Na ⁺沉积/剥离过程具有较低的死钠生成率，并保持高压阴极材料的稳定结构。具体而言，组装的Na||Na ₃ V ₂ (PO ₄ ) ₂ F ₃电池表现出加速的离子扩散动力学，并且在4.5 V的高电压下连续200次循环期间实现了85.9%的较高容量保持率。预计我们提出的策略也适用于其他二次金属电池系统。