Research in cultural psychology over the last three decades has revealed the profound influence of culture on cognitive, emotional, and motivational processes shaping individuals into active agents. This article aims to show cultural psychology's promise in three key steps. First, we review four notable cultural dimensions believed to underlie cultural variations: independent versus interdependent self, individualism versus collectivism, tightness versus looseness of social norms, and relational mobility. Second, we examine how ecology and geography shape human activities and give rise to organized systems of cultural practices and meanings, called eco-cultural complexes. In turn, the eco-cultural complex of each zone is instrumental in shaping a wide range of psychological processes, revealing a psychological diversity that extends beyond the scope of the current East–West literature. Finally, we examine some of the non-Western cultural zones present today, including Arab, East Asian, Latin American, and South Asian zones, and discuss how they may have contributed, to varying degrees, to the formation of the contemporary Western cultural zone.

中文翻译：

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文化心理学：超越东西方


过去三十年的文化心理学研究揭示了文化对将个人塑造为积极主体的认知、情感和动机过程的深远影响。本文旨在通过三个关键步骤来展示文化心理学的前景。首先，我们回顾了被认为构成文化差异基础的四个显着文化维度：独立与相互依存的自我、个人主义与集体主义、社会规范的紧密与松散以及关系流动性。其次，我们研究了生态和地理如何塑造人类活动并产生有组织的文化实践和意义系统，称为生态文化综合体。反过来，每个区域的生态文化复合体有助于塑造广泛的心理过程，揭示了超越当前东西方文学范围的心理多样性。最后，我们研究了当今存在的一些非西方文化区，包括阿拉伯、东亚、拉丁美洲和南亚区，并讨论了它们如何在不同程度上为当代西方文化区的形成做出贡献。