Efficient recovery of crude oil spills is still a great challenge for worldwide due to its high-viscosity and low-fluidity. Although the application of solar-heated absorbents in accelerating crude oil recovery has achieved significant progress, solar irradiation intensity is greatly dependent on time, location and weather conditions, which greatly restrict their practical application. In order to solve this problem, a novel phase change material (PCM)-included polyurethane (PU) sponge with simultaneous solar energy conversion and storage capacity was prepared and used for crude oil removal from spill. As the oil adsorption material matrix, the polyurethane (PU) sponge was combined with mesoporous carbon spheres (MCS) first and further encapsulated myristic acid (MA) as latent heat storage material to obtain PU/MCS/MA composite PCMs. The high latent heat value (129.27 J g⁻¹), large porosity, excellent solar-thermal conversion and storage capacity make PU/MCS/MA show remarkable in-situ oil viscosity reduction and it can absorb about 1.08 g cm⁻³ of crude oil under sunlight. Importantly, due to the encapsulation of MA, PU/MCS/MA can achieve efficient thermal storage to reduce the viscosity of crude oil via releasing latent heat at special circumstances. This study provided a potential strategy for the efficient utilization of clean energy and crude oil spills pollution treatment.

由于原油的高粘度和低流动性，有效回收溢油仍然是全世界面临的巨大挑战。尽管太阳能加热吸收剂在加速原油采收方面的应用取得了重大进展，但太阳辐照强度极大地依赖于时间、地点和天气条件，这极大地限制了其实际应用。为了解决这个问题，制备了一种新型相变材料（PCM）包含聚氨酯（PU）海绵，具有同时太阳能转换和存储能力，并用于清除泄漏的原油。将聚氨酯（PU）海绵作为吸油材料基体，首先与介孔碳球（MCS）复合，进一步封装肉豆蔻酸（MA）作为潜热储存材料，得到PU/MCS/MA复合相变材料。^-1 )、大的孔隙率、优异的光热转换和储存能力使PU/MCS/MA表现出显着的原位降粘性能，在阳光下可吸收约1.08 g cm ^-3的原油。重要的是，由于MA的封装，PU/MCS/MA可以在特殊情况下通过释放潜热实现高效储热，从而降低原油粘度。该研究为清洁能源的高效利用和原油泄漏污染治理提供了潜在的策略。