Coal and biomass are important feedstocks for carbon energy from thermochemical conversion process. Fully understanding the analytical technology that characterizes the changes in physicochemical properties and structural characteristics of coal and biomass during the thermochemical reactions is a key prerequisite for the realization of appropriate utilization of energy fuels. Modern in-situ process analysis technology can accomplish the in-situ detection of the experimental process, and therefore reflect the experimental process more accurately. Moreover, it is developing towards automation, intelligentization, and comprehensive detection. Based on the characteristics of each detection technology, this paper summarizes the basic principles, application scope and performance characteristics of the three advanced in-situ process analysis technologies: hyphenated technology, synchrotron radiation, and online analysis. The practicability and accuracy of each detection technology in coal and biomass research are compared and analyzed, and its latest application and development trend are elucidated. These tools not only make up for the shortcomings of traditional detection techniques in characterizing the in-situ reaction, but also provide complementary information on molecular microscopic changes during fuel thermal conversion. This review paper can provide insights for relevant researchers in the selection of analytical techniques, and promote in-depth study on microcosmic mechanism of fuel conversion.

中文翻译：

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煤与生物质热化学转化原位过程分析技术综述

煤炭和生物质是热化学转化过程中碳能的重要原料。充分了解表征煤和生物质在热化学反应过程中物理化学性质和结构特征变化的分析技术是实现能源燃料合理利用的关键前提。现代的原位过程分析技术可以完成原位检测实验过程，因此更准确地反映实验过程。并且正在向自动化、智能化、综合检测方向发展。结合每种检测技术的特点，总结了三种先进检测技术的基本原理、应用范围和性能特点原位过程分析技术：联用技术、同步辐射、在线分析。对煤炭和生物质研究中各种检测技术的实用性和准确性进行了比较分析，阐明了其最新应用和发展趋势。这些工具不仅弥补了传统检测技术在表征原位反应，还提供燃料热转化过程中分子微观变化的补充信息。该综述论文可为相关研究人员选择分析技术提供参考，推动燃料转化微观机理的深入研究。