Electrocatalytic Refinery of Biomass-Based 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural to Fine Chemicals,ACS Catalysis

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Electrocatalytic Refinery of Biomass-Based 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural to Fine Chemicals
ACS Catalysis ( IF 11.3 ) Pub Date : 2023-08-10 , DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c02272
Yingjie Gao ₁ , Lei Ge ₂ , Haolan Xu ₃ , Kenneth Davey ₁ , Yao Zheng ₁ , Shi-Zhang Qiao ₁

Affiliation

Because of depleting fossil-fuel reserves, together with the impacts of climate change, alternative eco-friendly production of high-value chemicals and renewables is needed. Biomass feedstock is of particular research interest. 5-Hydroxymethylfural (HMF) is a versatile precursor that can be converted to high-value chemicals via electrolysis. Reduction generates precursors for ethers, ketones, polyurethanes, polyesters, and polyethers, e.g., 2,5-dihydroxymethylfuran (DHMF) and 2,5-dimethyletrahydrofuran (DHMTHF), together with high-energy-density premium biofuels, e.g., 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF), 2,5-hexanedione (HD) and 5,5′-bis(hydroxymethyl) hydrofuroin (BHH). Oxidation HMF yields valuable chemical products, including 2,5-diformyl furan (DFF), 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furan carboxylic acid (HMFCA), 2,5-furan dicarboxylic acid (FDCA), and maleic acid (MA) that are precursors/intermediates for the polymer industry and chemical/pharmaceutical production(s). In this review, we 1) report a comparative summary of the electrocatalytic refinery of HMF, both electro-oxidation and electroreduction pathways, 2) appraise advances in HMF electroreduction reaction (HRR) and HMF electro-oxidation reaction (HOR), 3) assess reaction pathways and mechanisms, 4) establish a design for electrocatalysts including selection of metal materials, design of the geometric structure, and electronic structural modifications to boost HRR and HOR activity and selectivity, 5) evaluate the impact of reaction parameters including pH, electrolyte composition, applied potential, and initial substrate concentration on HRR and HOR, and 6) provide a prospect on future electrochemical refinement of HMF. We conclude that an improved understanding of reaction conditions is needed to practically boost selectivity and activity for the electrochemical refinement of HMF. Findings will benefit in design for electrochemistry and eco-friendly chemistry in generating fine chemicals and, therefore, are of interest to researchers and manufacturers.

中文翻译：

生物质基5-羟甲基糠醛电催化炼制精细化学品

由于化石燃料储备的耗尽以及气候变化的影响，需要采用替代的环保方式生产高价值化学品和可再生能源。生物质原料具有特别的研究兴趣。5-羟甲基呋喃 (HMF) 是一种多功能前体，可通过电解转化为高价值化学品。还原生成醚、酮、聚氨酯、聚酯和聚醚的前体，例如 2,5-二羟甲基呋喃 (DHMF) 和 2,5-二甲基四氢呋喃 (DHMTHF)，以及高能量密度优质生物燃料，例如 2,5 -二甲基呋喃 (DMF)、2,5-己二酮 (HD) 和 5,5'-双（羟甲基）氢呋喃 (BHH)。氧化HMF可产生有价值的化学产品，包括2,5-二甲酰呋喃（DFF）、5-羟甲基-2-呋喃甲酸（HMFCA）、2,5-呋喃二甲酸（FDCA）、和马来酸 (MA)，它们是聚合物工业和化学/制药生产的前体/中间体。在这篇综述中，我们 1) 报告了 HMF 电催化精炼厂的比较总结，包括电氧化和电还原途径，2) 评估了 HMF 电还原反应 (HRR) 和 HMF 电氧化反应 (HOR) 的进展，3) 评估反应途径和机制，4) 建立电催化剂设计，包括金属材料的选择、几何结构设计和电子结构修饰，以提高 HRR 和 HOR 活性和选择性，5) 评估反应参数（包括 pH、电解质组成）的影响、施加电位以及 HRR 和 HOR 的初始底物浓度，6) 为 HMF 的未来电化学精化提供了前景。我们的结论是，需要更好地了解反应条件，以实际提高 HMF 电化学精制的选择性和活性。研究结果将有利于电化学和环保化学生产精细化学品的设计，因此引起了研究人员和制造商的兴趣。

更新日期：2023-08-10

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