Growth hormone, as a proteohormone, is primarily known of its dramatic effect on longitudinal growth. Recombinant DNA technology has provided a safe, abundant and comparatively cheap supply of human GH for growth hormone-deficient individuals. However, many healthy subjects, especially athletics, administrate GH for enhanced athletic performance or strength. A better and more comprehensive understanding of rhGH effect in healthy individuals is urgent and essential. In this study, we recruited 14 healthy young male and injected rhGH once. Untargeted LC-MS metabolomics profiling of serum and urine was performed before and after the rhGH injection. The GH-induced dysregulation of energy related pathways, such as amino acid metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, glycolysis and TCA cycle, was revealed. Moreover, individuals supplemented with micro-doses of rhGH exhibited significantly changed urinary steroidal profiles, suggesting a role of rhGH in both energy metabolism and steroidogenesis. We expect that our results will be helpful to provide new evidence on the effects of rhGH injection and provide potential biomarkers for rhGH administration.

生长激素作为一种蛋白激素，主要因其对纵向生长的巨大影响而闻名。重组DNA技术为生长激素缺乏的个体提供了安全、丰富且相对便宜的人类GH供应。然而，许多健康受试者，尤其是运动员，服用 GH 是为了增强运动表现或力量。更好、更全面地了解 rhGH 对健康个体的影响是迫切且必要的。在这项研究中，我们招募了14名健康年轻男性并注射了一次rhGH。在注射 rhGH 之前和之后对血清和尿液进行非靶向 LC-MS 代谢组学分析。揭示了 GH 诱导的能量相关途径（如氨基酸代谢、核苷酸代谢、糖酵解和 TCA 循环）的失调。此外，补充微剂量rhGH的个体表现出显着改变的尿类固醇谱，表明rhGH在能量代谢和类固醇生成中的作用。我们期望我们的结果将有助于提供有关rhGH注射效果的新证据，并为rhGH给药提供潜在的生物标志物。