Zingerone is a flavor phytochemical present in ginger, a flowering plant belonging to the Zingiberaceae family used as a condiment and herbal remedy. It possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties and also exhibits protective effects against radiation, chemicals, biological toxins, and oxidative stress. The current comprehensive literature review was performed in order to assess the therapeutical and protective properties of zingerone against various chemical and natural toxins by considering the mechanisms of action. Extensive searches were performed on Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. Zingerone lessens oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative DNA damage by increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX). It prevents alginate production, which increases the cell's susceptibility to macrophages, serum, and antibiotics and dramatically lowers the generation of proinflammatory cytokines brought on by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cytokine production, MAPK, and NF-κB activation are all inhibited dose-dependently by zingerone. Zingerone also reduces 8-OHdG over-expression in the liver tissue and the expression of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4), inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-6, COX-2, TNF-α, and iNOS mRNA level), decreases macrophage inflammatory protein cytokines and eliminates free radicals. It also suppresses matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 during tumor progression, showing its anti-angiogenic activity. Strong radioprotective properties of zingerone are demonstrated against radiation-induced toxicity. The authors hope this review gives researchers some insight into conducting novel clinical and preclinical studies on pharmaceutical applications and the efficiency of zingerone in cancer treatment, and drug adverse effects.

姜酮是生姜中存在的一种风味植物化学物质，生姜是一种属于姜科的开花植物，用作调味品和草药。它具有抗炎、抗氧化和抗凋亡特性，还具有针对辐射、化学物质、生物毒素和氧化应激的保护作用。目前进行的综合文献综述是为了通过考虑作用机制来评估姜油酮针对各种化学和天然毒素的治疗和保护特性。在 Scopus、Web of Science、PubMed 和 Google Scholar 数据库上进行了广泛的搜索。Zingerone 通过增加超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、过氧化氢酶 (CAT)、谷胱甘肽 (GSH) 和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GPX) 的活性来减轻氧化应激、炎症、细胞凋亡和氧化性 DNA 损伤。它可以阻止藻酸盐的产生，从而增加细胞对巨噬细胞、血清和抗生素的敏感性，并显着降低脂多糖 (LPS) 引起的促炎细胞因子的产生。细胞因子的产生、MAPK 和 NF-κB 的激活均受到姜油酮的剂量依赖性抑制。Zingerone 还可降低肝组织中 8-OHdG 的过度表达以及 NADPH 氧化酶 4 (NOX4)、炎性细胞因子（例如 IFN-γ、IL-17、IL-6、COX-2、TNF-α 和iNOS mRNA 水平），减少巨噬细胞炎症蛋白细胞因子并消除自由基。它还在肿瘤进展过程中抑制基质金属蛋白酶-2 (MMP-2) 和 MMP-9，显示出其抗血管生成活性。姜油酮对辐射引起的毒性具有很强的辐射防护特性。作者希望这篇综述能让研究人员深入了解药物应用、姜油酮在癌症治疗中的功效以及药物不良反应的新型临床和临床前研究。