Nonaqueous Li metal batteries (LMBs) and aqueous Zn metal batteries (ZMBs) are promising next-generation secondary batteries owing to their high energy density. Selecting an appropriate electrolyte is critical for addressing the safety issues nonaqueous and aqueous metal batteries can encounter. Ionic liquids (ILs) have been widely used in secondary metal batteries because they are non-flammable, present good thermal stability, and have wide electrochemical windows. This review highlights the research progress on IL-based electrolytes for stable Li/Zn metal anodes. We focus particularly on these electrolytes' electrochemistry and functionalities at the electrolyte/anode interface for inhibiting dendrite growth, preventing side reactions, and enhancing electrochemical performance. It is expected that this review will shed some light on the development of ILs for next-generation metal batteries.

中文翻译：

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用于非水和水金属电池的离子液体电解质的最新进展

非水系锂金属电池（LMB）和水系锌金属电池（ZMB）由于其高能量密度而成为有前途的下一代二次电池。选择合适的电解质对于解决非水和水金属电池可能遇到的安全问题至关重要。离子液体（IL）因其不易燃、热稳定性好、电化学窗口宽等优点而被广泛应用于二次金属电池。该综述重点介绍了用于稳定Li/Zn金属阳极的IL基电解质的研究进展。我们特别关注这些电解质的电化学和电解质/阳极界面的功能，以抑制枝晶生长、防止副反应并增强电化学性能。预计本次审查将为下一代金属电池的离子液体的开发提供一些线索。