植物的增殖与生长素有关,而生长素又在生长速度中发挥着关键作用。此外,生长素浓度还可以深入了解无柄植物界的年龄、压力和导致开花和结果的事件。其在恢复活力和可塑性方面的作用现已得到证实。对植物生长素的兴趣跨越了数十年,这里评估了来自不同植物科的生长素浓度、转录和基因调控的表观遗传证据的信息,以深入了解生长素生物合成的模式。这种生物合成通过不依赖色氨酸和色氨酸依赖的途径进行。在色氨酸 (trp) 产生之前启动的独立途径涉及吲哚作为主要底物。另一方面,trp依赖性IAA途径通过吲哚丙酮酸(IPyA)、吲哚-3-乙醛肟(IAOx)和吲哚乙酰胺(IAM)途径。对色氨酸依赖性途径的研究涉及突变体,即丝兰(1–11)、 taa1 、 nit1 、 cyp79b和cyp79b2、vt2和crd ,以及色氨酸的独立突变体, ins在此编译。 IAA 酰胺和酯连接突变体gh3 、 iar 、 ilr 、 ill 、 iamt1 、 ugt和dao的生长素结合物非常显着,可以促进生长素的同化。本文努力提供有关导致植物维持的生物合成的最新详细信息。 关于生长素生物合成和体内平衡的大量信息在这篇综述中得到了简化,其中包含重要缺失环节的关键和线索,因为生长素可以使植物增殖并克服环境影响,需要探索其在可持续发展中的应用。农业。
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Recent advances in auxin biosynthesis and homeostasis
The plant proliferation is linked with auxins which in turn play a pivotal role in the rate of growth. Also, auxin concentrations could provide insights into the age, stress, and events leading to flowering and fruiting in the sessile plant kingdom. The role in rejuvenation and plasticity is now evidenced. Interest in plant auxins spans many decades, information from different plant families for auxin concentrations, transcriptional, and epigenetic evidences for gene regulation is evaluated here, for getting an insight into pattern of auxin biosynthesis. This biosynthesis takes place via an tryptophan-independent and tryptophan-dependent pathway. The independent pathway initiated before the tryptophan (trp) production involves indole as the primary substrate. On the other hand, the trp-dependent IAA pathway passes through the indole pyruvic acid (IPyA), indole-3-acetaldoxime (IAOx), and indole acetamide (IAM) pathways. Investigations on trp-dependent pathways involved mutants, namely yucca (1–11), taa1, nit1, cyp79b and cyp79b2, vt2 and crd, and independent mutants of tryptophan, ins are compiled here. The auxin conjugates of the IAA amide and ester-linked mutant gh3, iar, ilr, ill, iamt1, ugt, and dao are remarkable and could facilitate the assimilation of auxins. Efforts are made herein to provide an up-to-date detailed information about biosynthesis leading to plant sustenance. The vast information about auxin biosynthesis and homeostasis is consolidated in this review with a simplified model of auxin biosynthesis with keys and clues for important missing links since auxins can enable the plants to proliferate and override the environmental influence and needs to be probed for applications in sustainable agriculture.