In multiphase particulate systems, the turbulence of the continuous phase (gas or liquid) is modulated due to interactions between the continuous phase and the suspended particles. Such phenomena are non-trivial in the essence that addition of a dispersed phase to a turbulent flow complicates the existing flow patterns depending on the physical properties of the particles leading to either augmentation or attenuation of continuous phase turbulence. In the present study, this aspect has been comprehensively analysed based on the available experimental data obtained from the well-studied turbulent flow systems such as channel and pipes, free jets and grids. Relevant non-dimensional parameters such as particle diameter to integral length scale ratio, Stokes number, particle volume fraction, particle momentum number, and particle Reynolds number have been utilised to characterise the reported turbulence modulation behavior. Some limitations of these commonly used dimensionless parameters to characterise turbulence modulation are discussed, and possible improvements are suggested.

中文翻译：

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颗粒流系统中湍流调制的批判性分析：实验研究回顾

在多相颗粒系统中，连续相（气体或液体）的湍流由于连续相和悬浮颗粒之间的相互作用而受到调节。这种现象的本质是不平凡的，即向湍流中添加分散相会使现有的流动模式变得复杂，这取决于颗粒的物理特性，导致连续相湍流的增强或减弱。在本研究中，基于从通道和管道、自由射流和网格等湍流系统中获得的可用实验数据，对这一方面进行了全面分析。相关无量纲参数，如颗粒直径与积分长度比例、斯托克斯数、颗粒体积分数、颗粒动量数、和粒子雷诺数已被用来表征所报告的湍流调制行为。讨论了这些常用的无量纲参数来表征湍流调制的一些局限性，并提出了可能的改进建议。