海洋环境中的氯化石蜡污染,Environmental Science & Technology

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海洋环境中的氯化石蜡污染
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2023-07-28 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02316
Lina Lyu ₁ , Si Zhang _{1,

2}

Affiliation

氯化石蜡（CP）由于其大规模使用、持久性和长距离大气迁移而在环境中无处不在。海洋是CPs转化发生的关键环境。然而，氯化石蜡对海洋环境的广泛影响仍不清楚。本综述描述了海洋环境中氯化石蜡的来源、发生和运输途径、环境过程以及生态影响。CP通过河流输入、洋流和工业区的长距离大气输送分布在全球海洋环境中。环境过程，例如颗粒结合化合物的沉积、塑料的浸出和氯化石蜡的微生物降解，是调节氯化石蜡在水柱或沉积物中命运的关键驱动因素。海洋食物网中氯化石蜡的生物累积和营养转移可能威胁海洋生态系统功能。为了阐明海洋环境中CPs的生物地球化学过程和环境影响，未来的工作应阐明CPs的负荷和转化过程，并揭示其生态效应。研究结果有助于读者明确海洋环境中CPs的研究现状和未来研究方向，为政府评估CPs海洋生态风险、制定污染防治政策提供科学依据和理论基础。

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Chlorinated Paraffin Pollution in the Marine Environment

Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are ubiquitous in the environment due to their large-scale usage, persistence, and long-range atmospheric transport. The oceans are a critical environment where CPs transformation occurs. However, the broad impacts of CPs on the marine environment remain unclear. This review describes the sources, occurrence and transport pathways, environmental processes, and ecological effects of CPs in the marine environment. CPs are distributed in the global marine environment by riverine input, ocean currents, and long-range atmospheric transport from industrial areas. Environmental processes, such as the deposition of particle-bound compounds, leaching of plastics, and microbial degradation of CPs, are the critical drivers for regulating CPs’ fate in water columns or sediment. Bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of CPs in marine food webs may threaten marine ecosystem functions. To elucidate the biogeochemical processes and environmental impacts of CPs in marine environments, future work should clarify the burden and transformation process of CPs and reveal their ecological effects. The results would help readers clarify the current research status and future research directions of CPs in the marine environment and provide the scientific basis and theoretical foundations for the government to assess marine ecological risks of CPs and to make policies for pollution prevention and control.

更新日期：2023-07-28

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