UV-inducing single-microcapsule self-healing system has great potential to repair microcracks for spacecraft coating with the assistance of sufficient UV radiation available in the space environment, thereby efficiently prolonging their lifespan. Nevertheless, the sustaining UV light could penetrate the microcapsule shell, resulting in unexpected UV-curing of microcapsulated healing agents before self-healing, which possibly makes microcapsules lose their self-healing function. Herein, we report the synthesis and self-healing performance of a UV-responsive, one-component microcapsule with excellent good shielding capacity, composed of a core containing epoxy resin and photoinitiator, and a SiO₂/CeO₂ UV-shielding shell. The CeO₂ nanoparticles with excellent UV-absorbing properties were homogeneously embedded into the mesopores of the outer SiO₂ shell for fabricating SiO₂/CeO₂ microcapsule. As expected, the epoxy coating containing SiO₂/CeO₂ microcapsules exposed to UV light for up to 576 h still maintained excellent self-healing properties according to the scratch test. The well-designed UV-triggered single-microcapsule self-healing materials with UV-blocking capacity offer new opportunities to rationally design and develop smart coating materials.