Abstract

The Entwurff einer historischen Architectur (Outline of an Historical Architecture, 1721), by Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach, architect to the Austrian imperial court, is often seen as a milestone in the literature of architecture, and as the first comparative and universal history of architecture. In part because it has been studied primarily as a work of architectural history, rather than imperial history, it has become relatively unmoored from a large body of earlier and contemporary histories of the Habsburgs and the imperial house. These works cumulatively established a distinct historiographical tradition that informs the content and narrative of Fischer’s book and aligns it closely with a deeply ideological narrative in which a historical line leads directly from the Old Testament patriarchs through Greco-Roman rulers to the Holy Roman Emperors, and from Jerusalem and Rome to modern Vienna. To a substantial degree, this historiography, rather than a nascent architectural canon, determined the contents and presentation of the Entwurff.

摘要

历史建筑的恩特沃夫（《历史建筑纲要》，1721 年）由奥地利宫廷建筑师约翰·伯恩哈德·费舍尔·冯·埃拉赫 (Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach) 撰写，通常被视为建筑文献中的里程碑，也是第一部比较性和普遍性的建筑史。部分原因是它主要作为一部建筑史而非帝国史来研究，因此它与哈布斯堡王朝和皇室的大量早期和当代历史相对脱节。这些作品逐渐建立了一种独特的史学传统，为费舍尔的书的内容和叙述提供了信息，并将其与深刻的意识形态叙述紧密结合起来，在这种叙述中，历史线索直接从旧约族长通过希腊罗马统治者一直延伸到神圣罗马皇帝，从耶路撒冷和罗马到现代维也纳。在很大程度上，这种史学，而不是新生的建筑经典，决定了建筑的内容和呈现方式。恩特沃夫。