The conventional electrochemical kinetic theories describe multiphase mass transport and interfacial charge transfer individually by different equations, which are weakly coupled with each other at boundaries. This minireview aims at generalizing the kinetic description of various processes involved in electrochemical energy systems by treating them microscopically in terms of random ion hopping with a dynamic lattice-gas model. The unified kinetic equation thus obtained can be reduced to the continuum equation for ion transport in the bulk and the Butler-Volmer equation at the solid-electrolyte interfaces. Particularly, the standard reaction rate constant in the unified kinetic equation is extracted as a generalized kinetic descriptor of these processes. The application of the generalized theory is also discussed.

传统的电化学动力学理论通过不同的方程分别描述多相质量传递和界面电荷传递，这些方程在边界处彼此弱耦合。本小型综述旨在通过动态晶格气体模型的随机离子跳跃的微观处理来概括电化学能源系统中涉及的各种过程的动力学描述。统一的由此获得的动力学方程可以简化为本体中离子传输的连续方程和固体电解质界面处的巴特勒-沃尔默方程。特别是，提取统一动力学方程中的标准反应速率常数作为这些过程的广义动力学描述符。还讨论了广义理论的应用。