干旱减轻了微塑料对土壤微食物网复杂性和稳定性的负面影响,Environmental Science & Technology

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干旱减轻了微塑料对土壤微食物网复杂性和稳定性的负面影响
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2023-07-20 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c01538
Mengli Liu ₁ , Chong Wang ₂ , Biao Zhu ₁

Affiliation

由于微塑料（MP）污染和干旱等人为因素，土壤生态系统承受着相当大的压力。然而，人们对MP和干旱对土壤生物，特别是土壤微食物网的相互作用影响知之甚少。我们对MPs污染（包括两种类型和两种大小的MPs）和干旱进行了微观实验，以研究它们对土壤微食物网中土壤微生物、原生生物和线虫群落的相互作用影响。我们发现MP显着降低了土壤微食物网的复杂性和稳定性，可生物降解和较小尺寸的MP的负面影响比传统和较大尺寸的MP的负面影响更大。干旱对非MPs污染土壤中的土壤微食物网产生负面影响，同时增加了MPs污染土壤中土壤微食物网的复杂性和稳定性。干旱增加了可生物降解MPs土壤中细菌和真菌之间负相关的比例，同时降低了较小尺寸MPs土壤中原生生物和线虫之间负相关的比例。我们的研究表明，干旱可以通过减少可生物降解MPs污染土壤中较低营养级之间的竞争，同时减少较小规模MPs污染土壤中较高营养级之间的竞争，从而减轻MPs对土壤微食物网的负面影响。

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Drought Alleviates the Negative Effects of Microplastics on Soil Micro-Food Web Complexity and Stability

Soil ecosystems are under considerable pressure due to anthropogenic factors, including microplastics (MPs) pollution and drought. However, little is known about the interactive effects of MPs and drought on soil organisms, especially soil micro-food web. We conducted a microcosm experiment with MPs pollution (including two types and two sizes of MPs) and drought to investigate their interaction effects on soil microbial, protist, and nematode communities in soil micro-food web. We found that MPs significantly decreased the complexity and stability of soil micro-food web, with greater negative effects of biodegradable and smaller-sized MPs than conventional and larger-sized MPs. Drought had negative effects on soil micro-food web in the non-MPs pollution soils while increasing the complexity and stability of soil micro-food web in the MPs pollution soils. Drought increased the proportion of negative correlations between bacteria and fungi in the biodegradable MPs soils while decreasing the proportion of negative correlations between protists and nematodes in the smaller-sized MPs soils. Our study reveals that drought may alleviate the negative effects of MPs on soil micro-food web by reducing competition among lower trophic levels in the biodegradable MPs pollution soils while reducing competition among higher trophic levels in the smaller-sized MPs pollution soils.

更新日期：2023-07-20

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