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Differentially Charged Nanoplastics Induce Distinct Effects on the Growth and Gut of Benthic Insects (Chironomus kiinensis) via Charge-Specific Accumulation and Perturbation of the Gut Microbiota
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2023-07-20 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02144 Jie Zhang 1 , Chuanxin Ma 2 , Xinghui Xia 1 , Yao Li 1 , Xiaohan Lin 1 , Yidi Zhang 1 , Zhifeng Yang 2
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2023-07-20 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02144 Jie Zhang 1 , Chuanxin Ma 2 , Xinghui Xia 1 , Yao Li 1 , Xiaohan Lin 1 , Yidi Zhang 1 , Zhifeng Yang 2
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Nanoplastics (NPs), as an emerging contaminant, have usually been found charged in the environment, posing threats to aquatic animals. However, the underlying mechanisms governing the gut toxicity of differentially charged NPs to benthic insects are not well understood. In this study, the gut toxicity in larvae of Chironomus kiinensis exposed to negatively charged NPs (PS-COOH, 50 nm) and positively charged NPs (PS-NH2, 50 nm) at 0.1 and 1 g/kg was investigated through fluorescence imaging, histopathology, biochemical approaches, and 16S rRNA sequencing. The results showed that PS-NH2 caused more adverse effect on the larval growth performance and induced more severe oxidative stress, epithelial damage, and inflammatory responses in the gut than PS-COOH. The stronger impact caused by PS-NH2 was because the gut accumulated PS-NH2 more readily than PS-COOH for its negatively charged cell membrane. In addition, PS-NH2 were less agglomerated compared with PS-COOH, leading to an increased interaction with gut cell membranes and microbiota. Furthermore, alpha diversity and relative abundance of the keystone microbiota related to gut barrier and nutrient absorption were markedly lower exposed to PS-NH2 than PS-COOH, indirectly exacerbating stronger gut and growth damage. This study provides novel insights into the effect mechanisms underlying differentially charged NPs on benthic insects.
中文翻译：
带不同电荷的纳米塑料通过肠道微生物群的电荷特异性积累和扰动对底栖昆虫（Chironomus kiinensis）的生长和肠道产生不同的影响
纳米塑料（NP）作为一种新兴污染物，通常在环境中被发现带电，对水生动物构成威胁。然而，控制带不同电荷的纳米颗粒对底栖昆虫肠道毒性的潜在机制尚不清楚。在本研究中，通过荧光成像研究了暴露于0.1和1 g/kg带负电纳米粒子（PS-COOH，50 nm）和带正电纳米粒子（PS-NH 2 ，50 nm）的摇蚊幼虫的肠道毒性、组织病理学、生化方法和 16S rRNA 测序。结果表明，与PS-COOH相比，PS-NH 2对幼虫生长性能造成更严重的不利影响，并引起更严重的肠道氧化应激、上皮损伤和炎症反应。PS-NH 2造成的影响更强是因为肠道的细胞膜带负电荷，因此比PS-COOH更容易积累PS-NH 2 。此外，与 PS-COOH 相比，PS-NH 2的团聚程度较低，从而增强了与肠道细胞膜和微生物群的相互作用。此外，与肠道屏障和营养吸收相关的关键微生物群的α多样性和相对丰度在接触PS-NH 2时显着低于接触PS-COOH，从而间接加剧了更严重的肠道和生长损伤。这项研究为不同电荷纳米粒子对底栖昆虫的影响机制提供了新的见解。
更新日期：2023-07-20
中文翻译：
带不同电荷的纳米塑料通过肠道微生物群的电荷特异性积累和扰动对底栖昆虫（Chironomus kiinensis）的生长和肠道产生不同的影响
纳米塑料（NP）作为一种新兴污染物，通常在环境中被发现带电，对水生动物构成威胁。然而，控制带不同电荷的纳米颗粒对底栖昆虫肠道毒性的潜在机制尚不清楚。在本研究中，通过荧光成像研究了暴露于0.1和1 g/kg带负电纳米粒子（PS-COOH，50 nm）和带正电纳米粒子（PS-NH 2 ，50 nm）的摇蚊幼虫的肠道毒性、组织病理学、生化方法和 16S rRNA 测序。结果表明，与PS-COOH相比，PS-NH 2对幼虫生长性能造成更严重的不利影响，并引起更严重的肠道氧化应激、上皮损伤和炎症反应。PS-NH 2造成的影响更强是因为肠道的细胞膜带负电荷，因此比PS-COOH更容易积累PS-NH 2 。此外，与 PS-COOH 相比，PS-NH 2的团聚程度较低，从而增强了与肠道细胞膜和微生物群的相互作用。此外，与肠道屏障和营养吸收相关的关键微生物群的α多样性和相对丰度在接触PS-NH 2时显着低于接触PS-COOH，从而间接加剧了更严重的肠道和生长损伤。这项研究为不同电荷纳米粒子对底栖昆虫的影响机制提供了新的见解。
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