Purpose of Review

Increasing the diversity of commercial tree plantations is a promising approach to adapt forests to climate change, but it may complicate management. Here, we evaluate stakeholders’ perspectives about tree-species diversity in plantations and explore policy alternatives to make mixed plantations a viable strategy for climate change mitigation and adaptation.

Recent Findings

Current evidence shows that improving the diversity of tree species in plantations can be a viable, scalable, and economically accessible strategy for sustainable wood production and reconciling economic and environmental benefits. Tree diversity is particularly important in the context of global environmental changes and associated increases in abiotic and biotic stresses, such as severe droughts and pest outbreaks. Even though there is substantial scientific evidence supporting mixed-tree plantations, most forest plantations globally are still conventional monocultures.

Summary

Our findings (i) describe the geographical distribution of publications investigating human perspectives about forest plantation diversity; (ii) build understanding of how political engagement and governance systems can support forest initiatives on forest conservation, management, and restoration; and (iii) demonstrate how these perspectives can create possibilities and opportunities for sustainable development in forestry. We conclude that new strategies will only be widely applied if there is political and institutional interest, particularly in strengthening land-governance systems.

中文翻译：

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利益相关者对人工林物种多样性的看法：全球回顾

审查目的

增加商业树木种植园的多样性是使森林适应气候变化的一种有前途的方法，但它可能会使管理复杂化。在这里，我们评估利益相关者对人工林树种多样性的看法，并探索政策替代方案，使混合人工林成为减缓和适应气候变化的可行战略。

最近的发现

目前的证据表明，改善人工林树种的多样性可以成为可持续木材生产以及协调经济和环境效益的可行、可扩展且经济上可行的战略。在全球环境变化以及严重干旱和虫害爆发等非生物和生物胁迫相关增加的背景下，树木多样性尤为重要。尽管有大量科学证据支持混交林种植园，但全球大多数人工林仍然是传统的单一种植。

概括

我们的研究结果 (i) 描述了调查人类对人工林多样性观点的出版物的地理分布； (ii) 加深对政治参与和治理系统如何支持森林保护、管理和恢复方面的森林举措的理解； (iii) 展示这些观点如何为林业可持续发展创造可能性和机遇。我们的结论是，只有存在政治和制度利益，特别是在加强土地治理体系方面，新战略才会得到广泛应用。