The study of high-energy heavy-ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the Large Hadron Collider has evolved from a qualitative understanding to the precise extraction of the properties of the quantum chromodynamics medium at extremely high temperatures. Jet quenching has offered unique insights into the transport properties of the quark–gluon plasma (QGP) created in these energetic collisions. Apart from medium modification of jets, jet-induced medium excitation constitutes another crucial aspect of jet–QGP interaction and is indispensable in understanding the soft components of jets. We review recent theoretical and phenomenological developments regarding medium response to jet energy loss, including an overview of both weakly and strongly coupled approaches for describing the thermalization and propagation of energy deposition from jets, effects of medium response on jet observables, and exploration of its unique signatures in jet–hadron correlations. Jet-induced medium excitation is shown to be an essential component in probing the in-medium dynamics of jets and a critical step toward precise extraction of the QGP properties.

中文翻译：

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相对论性重离子碰撞中的中等响应和射流-强子相关性


相对论重离子对撞机和大型强子对撞机的高能重离子碰撞研究已经从定性理解发展到对量子色动力学介质在极高温度下特性的精确提取。射流猝灭为了解在这些高能碰撞中产生的夸克-胶子等离子体 （QGP） 的传输特性提供了独特的见解。除了射流的介质改性外，射流诱导的介质激发构成了射流-QGP 相互作用的另一个关键方面，对于理解射流的软成分是必不可少的。我们回顾了关于介质响应喷流能量损失的最新理论和现象学发展，包括概述描述喷流能量沉积的热化和传播的弱耦合和强耦合方法、介质响应对喷流可观测对象的影响，以及探索其在喷流-强子相关性中的独特特征。射流诱导的介质激发被证明是探测射流介质动力学的重要组成部分，也是精确提取 QGP 特性的关键步骤。