This paper addresses the dilemma that organizations face when they introduce information technology (IT) to standardize and guide operations and improve performance, while also supporting staff mindfulness in using IT and questioning it, to safeguard against errors. People are warned to be mindful in using the information provided by IT, yet IT may contribute to their mindlessness. Organizational operations involve routine work, where work is distributed across roles, in space and time. To fully understand mindfulness or mindlessness with IT at work it is necessary to consider the routines in which they are embedded. We sought to investigate what factors might influence mindfulness or mindlessness with IT in the context of organizational routines. We carried out an in-depth study of clinicians using technology during medications routines in a UK hospital. The IT in this context aimed to guide and standardize clinical work to improve medication safety. The study uncovered several factors influencing mindfulness and mindlessness with IT: not only the IT design but also task design, individual experience and history of IT use, distribution of work, and the situation at hand. These are interacting influences on mindfulness and mindlessness with IT, each embodying a tension, as each may influence both mindfulness and mindlessness. The distribution of work and the dynamics of the routine over time mean that individuals in the routine may (mindlessly) entrust mindfulness in using IT to others, or to other moments in time. The study highlights the complexity of achieving mindfulness with IT in organizations, and a nuanced relation between mindfulness and IT in a routine work context.

本文解决了组织在引入信息技术 (IT) 来标准化和指导运营并提高绩效时所面临的困境，同时也支持员工在使用 IT 和质疑 IT 时保持正念，以防止出现错误。人们被警告在使用 IT 提供的信息时要谨慎，但 IT 可能会导致他们的无意识。组织运营涉及日常工作，其中工作在空间和时间上跨角色分配。要充分理解 IT 工作中的正念或无念，有必要考虑它们所嵌入的例程。我们试图调查在组织日常工作中哪些因素可能会影响 IT 的正念或无念。我们对英国一家医院的临床医生在常规用药过程中使用技术进行了深入研究。在此背景下，信息技术旨在指导和规范临床工作，以提高用药安全性。该研究揭示了影响 IT 正念和无意识的几个因素：不仅是 IT 设计，还包括任务设计、个人经验和 IT 使用历史、工作分配以及当前情况。这些都是 IT 对正念和无念的相互作用的影响，每一个都体现了一种张力，因为每一个都可能影响正念和无念。随着时间的推移，工作的分配和日常活动的动态意味着日常活动中的个人可能（无意识地）将使用信息技术的正念委托给其他人或其他时刻。