Individuals with experiences of alternative care (AC; i.e., out-of-home care and institutional care) are at high risk for various mental health and relational problems stemming from exposure to serious attachment disruptions, loss, and complex trauma. Yet, despite the interpersonal context of their significant adversities, surprisingly there is scant research explicitly focusing on callousness/unemotionality (e.g., lack of guilt, callous disregard for others) in this population. This paper provides the first conceptual model for, and systematic scoping review of, callousness/unemotionality in children and young people with experiences of AC. In a comprehensive search of nine databases, 22 articles involving samples of participants in AC or with histories of AC, were identified for inclusion. The pattern of findings revealed that callous-unemotional and psychopathic traits are elevated in children and young people with AC experiences, and positively associated with AC. Moreover, results showed associations between these traits and various psychosocial correlates, most consistently with externalizing and internalizing problems and attachment-related problems. Only two intervention studies were located, one of which found benefits of training and supporting foster caregivers for reducing callous-unemotional traits. These findings are discussed with respect to gaps in the literature, future research directions, and trauma-informed practice to assess and treat callousness/unemotionality in children and young people with experiences of AC.

经历过替代性护理（AC；即户外护理和机构护理）的个人由于遭受严重的依恋破坏、丧失和复杂的创伤而面临各种心理健康和关系问题的高风险。然而，尽管他们面临重大逆境的人际背景，令人惊讶的是，很少有研究明确关注这一人群的冷酷/冷漠（例如，缺乏内疚感，冷酷无情地漠视他人）。本文为有 AC 经历的儿童和青少年的冷酷/冷漠提供了第一个概念模型和系统范围审查。在对 9 个数据库的全面检索中，确定纳入 22 篇涉及 AC 参与者样本或有 AC 历史的文章。研究结果表明，有 AC 经历的儿童和青少年的冷酷无情和精神病态特征有所增加，并且与 AC 呈正相关。此外，结果显示这些特征与各种心理社会相关因素之间存在关联，最符合外化和内化问题以及依恋相关问题。仅找到两项干预研究，其中一项发现培训和支持寄养照顾者有利于减少冷酷无情的特征。我们对这些发现进行了讨论，讨论了文献中的空白、未来的研究方向以及评估和治疗有 AC 经历的儿童和青少年的冷漠/冷漠的创伤知情实践。