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Hydrazone-Based Europium(III) Complexes: Mechanochromic Luminescence and Turn-On Fluorescence Detection of Quinolone Antibiotics in Human Urine
Crystal Growth & Design ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2023-07-10 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.3c00536 Tong Xiao 1 , Dong-Dong Yang 1 , Yong-Sheng Shi 1 , Han-Wen Zheng 1 , Zhong-Gang Xia 1 , Xiang-Jun Zheng 1
Crystal Growth & Design ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2023-07-10 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.3c00536 Tong Xiao 1 , Dong-Dong Yang 1 , Yong-Sheng Shi 1 , Han-Wen Zheng 1 , Zhong-Gang Xia 1 , Xiang-Jun Zheng 1
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In recent years, alarmingly increased use of quinolone antibiotics has led to a large number of antibiotic residues in the bodies of organisms and threatened their health. It is crucial to develop efficient and sensitive methods for detecting quinolone antibiotics. For the europium (Eu(III)) complex, its characteristic emission is affected by the energy transfer from the excited singlet state and triplet states of the ligands to the emission energy level of the Eu(III) ion. If external stimuli could change its coordination environment or the stacking pattern, the intensity of the characteristic Eu(III) emission would be affected. Considering the abundant potential coordination sites of ciprofloxacin (CIP) and norfloxacin (NOR), we designed and prepared two europium complexes based on hydrazone, [Eu2L12(phen)2(NO3)2] (L1 = (E)-N′-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)nicotinohydrazide; phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) (Eu-1) and [Eu2L22(CH3OH)2(NO3)2] (L2 = (E)-N′-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)picolinohydrazide) (Eu-2). As expected, Eu-1 and Eu-2 showed a sensitive response to quinolone antibiotics (CIP and NOR). Upon the addition of CIP and NOR to the solutions of Eu-1 and Eu-2, the evident fluorescence enhancement corresponding to both the ligand and characteristic Eu(III) emission is clearly observed. The limits of detection (LODs) of Eu-1 for CIP and NOR are calculated to be 6.25 × 10–9 and 1.44 × 10–8 M, respectively, and those of Eu-2 for CIP and NOR are determined to be 2.86 × 10–8 and 4.22 × 10–8 M, respectively. The LODs and high values of Ksv prove their excellent sensing performance. The high sensitivities and anti-interference abilities make Eu-1 and Eu-2 promising turn-on fluorescence probes for detecting CIP and NOR in human urine, based on which Eu-1 and Eu-2 have been successfully employed to developed paper strips for the on-site detection of CIP and NOR. In addition, Eu-1 and Eu-2 both exhibit high-contrast mechanochromic luminescence, which is attributed to the phase transformation from a crystalline to the amorphous state.
中文翻译：
腙基铕 (III) 配合物：人尿液中喹诺酮类抗生素的机械致色发光和开启荧光检测
近年来，喹诺酮类抗生素的使用惊人增加，导致生物体内大量抗生素残留，威胁生物体健康。开发高效、灵敏的喹诺酮类抗生素检测方法至关重要。对于铕(Eu(III))络合物，其特征发射受到从配体的激发单重态和三重态到Eu(III)离子的发射能级的能量转移的影响。如果外部刺激改变其配位环境或堆积模式，则特征Eu(III)发射的强度将会受到影响。考虑到环丙沙星（CIP）和诺氟沙星（NOR）丰富的潜在配位位点，我们设计并制备了两种基于腙的铕配合物，[Eu 2 L1 2 (phen) 2 (NO 3 ) 2 ] (L 1 = (E)-N′-(2-羟基亚苄基)烟酰肼；phen = 1,10-菲咯啉) ( Eu-1 ) 和 [Eu 2 L 2 2 (CH 3 OH) 2 (NO 3 ) 2 ] (L 2 = (E)-N'-(2-羟基亚苄基)吡啶甲酰肼)( Eu-2 )。正如预期的那样，Eu-1和Eu-2对喹诺酮类抗生素（CIP 和 NOR）表现出敏感反应。将 CIP 和 NOR 添加到Eu-1和Eu-2溶液中后，可以清楚地观察到与配体和特征 Eu(III) 发射相对应的明显荧光增强。Eu-1对 CIP 和 NOR的检测限 (LOD)分别计算为 6.25 × 10 –9和 1.44 × 10 –8 M，Eu-2对 CIP 和 NOR 的检测限 (LOD) 分别为 2.86 ×分别为10 –8和 4.22 × 10 –8 M。LOD 和高K sv值证明了其出色的传感性能。高灵敏度和抗干扰能力使Eu-1和Eu-2成为检测人尿液中CIP和NOR的有前途的开启荧光探针。Eu-1和Eu-2已成功用于开发用于CIP和NOR现场检测的纸条。此外，Eu-1和Eu-2均表现出高对比度的力致变色发光，这归因于从晶态到非晶态的相变。
更新日期：2023-07-10
中文翻译：
腙基铕 (III) 配合物：人尿液中喹诺酮类抗生素的机械致色发光和开启荧光检测
近年来，喹诺酮类抗生素的使用惊人增加，导致生物体内大量抗生素残留，威胁生物体健康。开发高效、灵敏的喹诺酮类抗生素检测方法至关重要。对于铕(Eu(III))络合物，其特征发射受到从配体的激发单重态和三重态到Eu(III)离子的发射能级的能量转移的影响。如果外部刺激改变其配位环境或堆积模式，则特征Eu(III)发射的强度将会受到影响。考虑到环丙沙星（CIP）和诺氟沙星（NOR）丰富的潜在配位位点，我们设计并制备了两种基于腙的铕配合物，[Eu 2 L1 2 (phen) 2 (NO 3 ) 2 ] (L 1 = (E)-N′-(2-羟基亚苄基)烟酰肼；phen = 1,10-菲咯啉) ( Eu-1 ) 和 [Eu 2 L 2 2 (CH 3 OH) 2 (NO 3 ) 2 ] (L 2 = (E)-N'-(2-羟基亚苄基)吡啶甲酰肼)( Eu-2 )。正如预期的那样，Eu-1和Eu-2对喹诺酮类抗生素（CIP 和 NOR）表现出敏感反应。将 CIP 和 NOR 添加到Eu-1和Eu-2溶液中后，可以清楚地观察到与配体和特征 Eu(III) 发射相对应的明显荧光增强。Eu-1对 CIP 和 NOR的检测限 (LOD)分别计算为 6.25 × 10 –9和 1.44 × 10 –8 M，Eu-2对 CIP 和 NOR 的检测限 (LOD) 分别为 2.86 ×分别为10 –8和 4.22 × 10 –8 M。LOD 和高K sv值证明了其出色的传感性能。高灵敏度和抗干扰能力使Eu-1和Eu-2成为检测人尿液中CIP和NOR的有前途的开启荧光探针。Eu-1和Eu-2已成功用于开发用于CIP和NOR现场检测的纸条。此外，Eu-1和Eu-2均表现出高对比度的力致变色发光，这归因于从晶态到非晶态的相变。
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