细胞外囊泡的临床转化,Advanced Healthcare Materials

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细胞外囊泡的临床转化
Advanced Healthcare Materials ( IF 10.0 ) Pub Date : 2023-07-08 , DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301010
Aayushi Ghodasara _{1,

2} , Aun Raza ₁ , Joy Wolfram _{3,

4,

5} , Carlos Salomon _{2,

6} , Amirali Popat ₁

Affiliation

细胞外囊泡（EV）存在于多种体液中，由于其生物活性表面、内部货物以及在细胞间通讯中的作用，近年来作为天然材料受到了广泛的关注。EV 含有各种生物分子，包括表面蛋白和细胞质蛋白；和通常代表原始细胞的核酸。EV 可以将内容转移到其他细胞，这一过程被认为对免疫反应、肿瘤发生和血管生成等多种生物过程很重要。随着对 EV 生物发生、组成和功能的潜在机制的深入了解，导致 EV 在生物医学应用（例如诊断和药物输送）的临床前和临床评估呈指数级增长。细菌源性 EV 疫苗已在临床使用数十年，并且受《临床实验室改进修正案》监管的一些基于 EV 的诊断测定已被批准在单个实验室中使用。尽管基于电动汽车的产品尚未获得美国食品和药物管理局 (USFDA) 和欧洲药品管理局 (EMA) 等国家监管机构的广泛临床批准，但许多产品已处于后期临床试验阶段。这一观点揭示了电动汽车的独特特征，强调了电动汽车在临床使用中的当前临床趋势、新兴应用、挑战和未来前景。

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Clinical Translation of Extracellular Vesicles

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) occur in a variety of bodily fluids and have gained recent attraction as natural materials due to their bioactive surfaces, internal cargo, and role in intercellular communication. EVs contain various biomolecules, including surface and cytoplasmic proteins; and nucleic acids that are often representative of the originating cells. EVs can transfer content to other cells, a process that is thought to be important for several biological processes, including immune responses, oncogenesis, and angiogenesis. An increased understanding of the underlying mechanisms of EV biogenesis, composition, and function has led to an exponential increase in preclinical and clinical assessment of EVs for biomedical applications, such as diagnostics and drug delivery. Bacterium-derived EV vaccines have been in clinical use for decades and a few EV-based diagnostic assays regulated under Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments have been approved for use in single laboratories. Though, EV-based products are yet to receive widespread clinical approval from national regulatory agencies such as the United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) and European Medicine Agency (EMA), many are in late-stage clinical trials. This perspective sheds light on the unique characteristics of EVs, highlighting current clinical trends, emerging applications, challenges and future perspectives of EVs in clinical use.

更新日期：2023-07-08

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