功能性纳米级超材料 3D 打印构件的原位热解,Advanced Functional Materials

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功能性纳米级超材料 3D 打印构件的原位热解
Advanced Functional Materials ( IF 18.5 ) Pub Date : 2023-07-08 , DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202302358
Qing Sun ₁ , Christian Dolle ₁ , Chantal Kurpiers ₂ , Kristian Kraft ₁ , Monsur Islam ₃ , Ruth Schwaiger ₄ , Peter Gumbsch _{2,

5} , Yolita M. Eggeler ₁

Affiliation

这项研究提出了一种利用原位电子显微镜研究等温热解过程中 3D 打印纳米结构收缩动力学的新方法。首次连续跟踪 3D 结构的时间演化，直到达到准稳态。通过将 3D 物体置于不同的温度和大气条件下，可以观察到 3D 物体的动力学参数和形态纹理发生显着变化，特别是那些具有不同表面积与体积比的物体。结果表明，真空条件下热解引起的形态收缩所需的有效活化能大约是氮气气氛下的四倍（分别为 2.6 eV 和 0.5-0.9 eV）。此外，通过死后电子能量损失光谱研究发现，在氮气中热解的结构表面上存在细微的氧富集，从而区分了真空热解。这些发现在基本工艺参数的背景下进行了检查，并提出了一个机械模型。因此，了解和控制不同几何尺寸的 3D 结构中的热解不仅能够精确修改收缩和创建张拉整体结构，而且还可以促进具有定制结构和性能的热解碳开发，特别是在碳微和碳领域。纳米机电系统。

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In Situ Pyrolysis of 3D Printed Building Blocks for Functional Nanoscale Metamaterials

This study presents a novel approach for investigating the shrinkage dynamics of 3D-printed nanoarchitectures during isothermal pyrolysis, utilizing in situ electron microscopy. For the first time, the temporal evolution of 3D structures is tracked continuously until a quasi-stationary state is reached. By subjecting the 3D objects to different temperatures and atmospheric conditions, significant changes in the resulting kinetic parameters and morphological textures of the 3D objects are observed, particularly those possessing varying surface-to-volume ratios. Its results reveal that the effective activation energy required for pyrolysis-induced morphological shrinkage is approximately four times larger under vacuum conditions than in a nitrogen atmosphere (2.6 eV vs. 0.5–0.9 eV, respectively). Additionally, a subtle enrichment of oxygen on the surfaces of the structures for pyrolysis in nitrogen is found through a postmortem electron energy loss spectroscopy study, differentiating the vacuum pyrolysis. These findings are examined in the context of the underlying process parameters, and a mechanistic model is proposed. As a result, understanding and controlling pyrolysis in 3D structures of different geometrical dimensions not only enables precise modification of shrinkage and the creation of tensegrity structures, but also promotes pyrolytic carbon development with custom architectures and properties, especially in the field of carbon micro- and nano-electromechanical systems.

更新日期：2023-07-08

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