Although previous research suggests that off-job activities are generally important for recovery from work stress, a profound understanding of which aspects of recovery activities benefit the recovery process and why is still lacking. In the present work, we introduce a dimensional approach toward studying recovery activities and present a taxonomy of key recovery activity dimensions (physical, mental, social, spiritual, creative, virtual, and outdoor). Across four studies (total N = 908) using cross-sectional, time-lagged, and a diary design, we develop and validate the Recovery Activity Characteristics (RAC) questionnaire, a multidimensional measure of RAC. Results demonstrate its content validity, high scale reliabilities, and a strong factor structure. With a 10-day diary study involving two daily measurement occasions, we demonstrate the role of RAC for recovery experiences and downstream well-being outcomes. Findings underscore the importance of carefully differentiating the active ingredients of recovery activities as they differentially relate to same evening and next-morning exhaustion and vigor. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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恢复活动的有效成分是什么？引入维度方法。

尽管之前的研究表明，下班活动通常对于从工作压力中恢复很重要，但仍然缺乏对恢复活动的哪些方面有益于恢复过程以及原因的深刻理解。在目前的工作中，我们引入了研究恢复活动的维度方法，并提出了关键恢复活动维度（身体、心理、社交、精神、创意、虚拟和户外）的分类。在四项使用横断面、时滞和日记设计的研究（总计 N = 908）中，我们开发并验证了恢复活动特征 (RAC) 问卷，这是 RAC 的多维测量。结果证明了其内容有效性、高量表可靠性和强大的因素结构。通过为期 10 天的日记研究，涉及两次日常测量，我们证明了 RAC 对于恢复体验和下游健康结果的作用。研究结果强调了仔细区分恢复活动的活性成分的重要性，因为它们与当晚和第二天早上的疲惫和活力有不同的关系。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。