Light transport in a highly multimode fiber exhibits complex behavior in space, time, frequency, and polarization, especially in the presence of mode coupling. The newly developed techniques of spatial wavefront shaping turn out to be highly suitable to harness such enormous complexity: a spatial light modulator enables precise characterization of field propagation through a multimode fiber, and by adjusting the incident wavefront it can accurately tailor the transmitted spatial pattern, temporal profile, and polarization state. This unprecedented control leads to multimode fiber applications in imaging, endoscopy, optical trapping, and microfabrication. Furthermore, the output speckle pattern from a multimode fiber encodes spatial, temporal, spectral, and polarization properties of the input light, allowing such information to be retrieved from spatial measurements only. This article provides an overview of recent advances and breakthroughs in controlling light propagation in multimode fibers, and discusses newly emerging applications.

中文翻译：

---

控制多模光纤中的光传播，用于成像、光谱学等

高度多模光纤中的光传输在空间、时间、频率和偏振方面表现出复杂的行为，特别是在存在模式耦合的情况下。新开发的空间波前整形技术非常适合利用如此巨大的复杂性：空间光调制器能够精确表征通过多模光纤的场传播，并且通过调整入射波前，它可以精确地定制传输的空间图案，时间剖面和偏振态。这种前所未有的控制导致了多模光纤在成像、内窥镜、光捕获和微加工领域的应用。此外，多模光纤的输出散斑图案对输入光的空间、时间、光谱和偏振特性进行编码，允许仅从空间测量中检索此类信息。本文概述了控制多模光纤中光传播的最新进展和突破，并讨论了新出现的应用。