The expression of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is closely related to the immune escape of tumor cells, and it is considered as an emerging biomarker due to its immune checkpoint protein properties in clinical diagnosis. Herein, an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) aptasensor based on cerium (Ce) metal–organic frameworks (Ce-MOF) loaded CdS quantum dots (QDs) and gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) was designed to detect PD-L1. The prepared nanorod cluster-like Ce-MOF could well load CdS QDs and improve the ECL intensity and stability. The adsorbed Au NPs expedited electron transport on the electrode surface, thereby further promoting the ECL reactions. In addition, Au NPs facilitated the connecting of PD-L1 aptamer. The constructed ECL aptasensor showed good analysis capability in the presence of H₂O₂ co-reactant, with a wide linear detection range of 1 pg mL⁻¹ to 100 ng mL⁻¹ and a low detection limit of 0.54 pg mL⁻¹, besides high selectivity and simplicity. It has been applied for the effective detection of PD-L1 in real samples, with satisfactory results.

程序性死亡配体1（PD-L1）的表达与肿瘤细胞的免疫逃逸密切相关，因其在临床诊断中的免疫检查点蛋白特性而被认为是一种新兴的生物标志物。在此，设计了一种基于铈（Ce）金属有机框架（Ce-MOF）负载CdS量子点（QD）和金纳米颗粒（Au NP）的电化学发光（ECL）适体传感器来检测PD-L1。制备的纳米棒簇状Ce-MOF可以很好地负载CdS量子点，提高ECL强度和稳定性。吸附的Au NPs加速了电极表面的电子传输，从而进一步促进了ECL反应。此外，Au NPs 还促进了 PD-L1 适体的连接。_{构建的ECL适体传感器在H 2} O ₂存在下表现出良好的分析能力共反应物，除了高选择性和简单性之外，还具有 1 pg mL ^-1至 100 ng mL ^-1的宽线性检测范围和 0.54 pg mL ^-1的低检测限。已应用于实际样品中PD-L1的有效检测，取得了满意的结果。