GPS Solutions ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2023-06-28 , DOI: 10.1007/s10291-023-01484-8 Juan A. García-Armenteros
The Topo-Iberia network covering the Spanish part of the Iberian Peninsula and Morocco was established in 2008. Following the first publication of the horizontal velocity field based on an analysis of the first 4 years (2008–2012) in 2015, a new 3D velocity field based on 11 years (2008–2019) is presented. The double-differencing technique is applied with GAMIT software, and the precise point positioning (PPP) technique is applied with GipsyX software for GPS processing to obtain loosely constrained solutions. Then, a kalman filter is used to merge both solutions using GLOBK software and produce a velocity solution. The combined velocity solution is presented as a new horizontal velocity field and the first vertical velocity field of the Topo-Iberia CGPS network. A global view of the data quality from the Topo-Iberia stations is also presented for the first time, as well as a program specifically created to convert GipsyX gdcov files to SINEX files, gdcov2sinex.sh. The results in the IGb14 reference frame are in good agreement with previous publications, except in the Betic Cordillera, where the new velocities with respect to Eurasia are generally lower and present a higher southwestward component rather than a purely westward motion. The main discrepancy is observed at the ALJI station, where the maximum velocity is reached (3 ± 0.1 mm/yr), showing west-northwestward motion. The smallest and highest residual displacements with respect to Eurasia occur in northern Iberia and Morocco, respectively. The results support the conclusions of other studies that a clockwise block rotation occurs at present in the northern branch of the Gibraltar Arc. The velocities indicate a northwest-southeast convergence rate of 3.5 ± 0.1 mm/yr with respect to Nubia. A general low subsidence (mean value of 0.5 ± 0.1 mm/yr) is observed in the Iberian Peninsula except for some isolated stations presenting uplift.
中文翻译:
Topo-Iberia CGPS网络:基于11年(2008-2019)的伊比利亚半岛和摩洛哥新的3D地壳速度场
覆盖伊比利亚半岛西班牙部分和摩洛哥的 Topo-Iberia 网络于 2008 年建立。继 2015 年首次发布基于前 4 年(2008-2012 年)分析的水平速度场之后,新的 3D 速度场提出了基于 11 年(2008-2019)的领域。GAMIT软件应用双差分技术,GipsyX软件应用精密单点定位(PPP)技术进行GPS处理,以获得松散约束解。然后,使用 GLOBK 软件使用卡尔曼滤波器合并两个解并生成速度解。组合速度解作为 Topo-Iberia CGPS 网络的新水平速度场和第一个垂直速度场提出。还首次提供了 Topo-Iberia 站数据质量的全局视图,以及专门用于将 GipsyX gdcov 文件转换为 SINEX 文件的程序 gdcov2sinex.sh。IGb14 参考系中的结果与以前的出版物非常一致,但贝蒂科迪勒拉除外,其中相对于欧亚大陆的新速度通常较低,并且呈现出较高的西南分量,而不是纯粹的西向运动。主要差异出现在 ALJI 站,此处达到最大速度(3 ± 0.1 毫米/年),显示出西北偏西运动。欧亚大陆剩余流离失所率最小和最大的地区分别是伊比利亚北部和摩洛哥。研究结果支持了其他研究的结论,即直布罗陀弧北支目前发生顺时针地块旋转。速度表明相对于努比亚,西北-东南方向的收敛率为 3.5 ± 0.1 毫米/年。除了一些孤立的站点出现隆起外,伊比利亚半岛普遍存在低沉降(平均值为 0.5 ± 0.1 毫米/年)。